喀提林阴谋与罗马共和末期的派系斗争

The Catiline Conspiracy and the Factional Struggles in the Late Roman Republic

罗马共和末期(公元前66-公元前62年),以喀提林为首的失意贵族为夺取罗马国家最高统治权采取了一系列密谋行动,史称喀提林阴谋。阴谋的产生是当时罗马社会矛盾激化、社会秩序失控的必然结果,也与罗马统治阶级内部日趋激化的平民派与贵族派的派系斗争密不可分。喀提林阴谋虽以失败告终,但却成就了“共和国之父”西塞罗的崛起,导致了恺撒、庞培、克拉苏“三头同盟”的形成,加速了罗马共和体制的解体和帝制的出现。

At the end of the Roman Republic(66-62 B.C.),the frustrated aristocrats led by Catiline took a series of conspiracies to seize the supreme rule of the Roman state,which is known as the Catiline Conspiracy in history.The emergency of the Conspiracy was the inevitable result of the intensification of social contradictions and out of control of social order in Rome at that time,it was also inseparable from the factional struggles between populares and optimates.Although the Catiline Conspiracy ended in failure,it precipitated the rise of Cicero,“the Father of the Republic”;led to the Triumvirate of Caesar,Pompey and Crassus,and also accelerated the disintegration of the Roman republican system and the formation of the Empire.