高位离层突水诱导工作面切顶压架灾害预警研究

Pre-warning of roof cutting and supports crushing induced by water inrush from high level separation layer

为解决永陇矿区特厚含水层高位离层突水导致的综放工作面大面积切顶压架灾害预测预报难题,采用含水层水位连续监测和工作面矿压实时监测方法,基于3起突水压架实例分析了含水层水位-工作面矿压的联动效应,从大周期步距、支架工作阻力与动载系数、支架增阻速率、安全阀开启率以及长观孔水位降速6个关联指标,对综放工作面切顶压架灾害预警指标合理阈值进行了研究。研究表明:含水层水位下降-工作面大面积来压-突水压架具有显著的时序性和联动性,并划分了前兆性预警指标和实时性预警指标,并提出了切顶压架两阶段预警方法和两级预警-防治机制。通过现场应用验证了该预警指标及方法的正确性与适用性。研究对陕西永陇、彬长等矿区高位离层水害及切顶压架灾害预警和防治具有借鉴价值。

In order to predict large-area roof cutting and supports crushing disasters caused by high-level separation water inrush from the super thick aquifer in Yonglong mining area, the continuous monitoring of the water level in the aquifer and real-time monitoring of mine pressure at the working face are adopted, and based on three examples, the linkage effect between water level of the aquifer and the working face rock pressure is analyzed, and the reasonable threshold value of warning index are studied for roof cutting and supports crushing disaster in fully mechanized caving face from the major cyclic weighting interval, support working resistance, dynamic load coefficient, support resistance increase rate, safety valve opening rate and long view hole water level deceleration. The research shows that: the water level of aquifers, the major cyclic weighting, water inrush and supports crushing show significant time sequence and linkage.The indicators are divided into precursory and real-time warning indicators, and a two-stage warning method and a two-stage warning-prevention mechanism are proposed. The correctness and applicability of the warning indicators and methods are verified in field application. The research results have reference value for the early warning and prevention of water hazard, roof cutting and supports crushing disasters such as Yonglong and Binchang mining area in Shaanxi Province.