上海市不同户籍儿童网络及游戏过度使用状况

Excessive Internet and game use among children with different household registration in Shanghai

目的了解上海市小学四年级至初中二年级不同户籍儿童的网络过度使用、游戏过度使用状况及相关因素,为营造儿童数字媒体使用良好环境提供参考。方法采用多阶段抽样方法抽取上海市4所小学、4所初中的2 324名学生及家长进行问卷调查,内容包括基本人口学特征、网络成瘾诊断量表、游戏过度使用量表、家庭关怀度指数问卷等。结果儿童网络过度使用率为16.1%,游戏过度使用率为9.4%。家庭经济地位较低(OR=2.07)、网络使用动机为维持情绪唤醒型(OR=5.44)或满足社会功能型(OR=8.72)、好友一直打游戏(OR=2.21)、好友约打游戏(有时、经常、一直OR值分别为1.85, 2.56, 2.53)、家庭关怀度中度以上障碍(中度、严重OR值分别为2.62, 2.68)等与儿童网络过度使用均呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。学生对学习缺乏信心(不大有信心、没有信心OR值分别为2.11, 4.14)、网络使用动机为维持情绪唤醒型(OR=4.82)或满足社会功能型(OR=6.09)、好友经常(OR=2.84)或一直打游戏(OR=3.92)、家庭关怀度中度以上障碍(中度、严重OR值分别为2.57, 2.16)与儿童游戏过度使用均呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。结论不同户籍儿童网络及游戏过度使用状况差别不明显。建议重视同伴影响、家庭功能等因素,倡导学校、家庭共同营造儿童数字媒体使用的良好环境,促进儿童的健康发展。

Objective To explore the status and related factors of excessive Internet and game use among primary and junior high school students with different household registration in Shanghai, and to provide a reference for creating healthy digital media usage family environment among children. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 324 students and their parents from 4 primary schools, 4 middle schools in Shanghai. The sociodemographic characteristics, Internet Addiction Test, Game addiction scale and Family APGAR Index were investigated. Results Excessive internet use rate and the excessive game use rate was 16.1% and 9.4%, respectively. Low family economic status(OR=2.07), motivation type of Internet use to maintain emotional arousal(OR=5.44) or to satisfy social function(OR=8.72), peer all the time gaming use(OR=2.21), peer gaming invitation(OR=1.85, 2.56, 2.53), family dysfunction above moderate(OR=2.62, 2.68) were positively associated with excessive internet use(P<0.05). Lack of confidence in their studies(OR=2.11, 4.14), motivation type of Internet use to maintain emotional arousal(OR=4.82) or to satisfy social function(OR=6.09), peer often(OR=2.84) or all the time gaming use(OR=3.92), family dysfunction above moderate(OR=2.57, 2.16) were associated with excessive game use(P<0.05). Conclusion There is no significant difference in the excessive Internet and game use among children with different household registration.It is suggested that should attach importance to peer influence and family function, advocate schools and families to create a good environment for children’s digital media use, and promote children’s healthy development.