纺织设备用6063铝合金型材缺陷分析与对策

Defects analysis and countermeasures of 6063 aluminum alloy profiles for textile equipment

由于模具设计与生产流程工艺参数控制不严谨,在纺织机械设备用铝合金的挤压过程中出现了金属流速不均、模具通过量低、型材表面不光滑、形状弯曲及性能不合格等问题,使挤压型材与纺织机械设备及其他配件装配过程中不仅尺寸偏差严重,而且强度不够,产品合格率不足75%。本文作者采用挤压生产现场分析与实验室试验相结合的方法,对挤压模具的制作、挤压合金的成分、挤压温度、速度等参数逐一调整试验,分析型材缺陷产生的原因。利用拉伸试验、硬度检测等手段分析型材的力学性能。完善了模具设计方案,.确立了“修模即氮化”的办法。总结了挤压过程及后续处理等各环节的工艺参数与精益化操作标准。调整了6063铝合金中Si与Mg的含量范围。这些措施的实施,稳定了生产质量,型材合格率提高到了80.36%。

Due to unprecise control of mold design and production process parameters,some problems occur in the extrusion process of aluminum alloy materials for textile machinery and equipment,such as uneven flow rate,low throughput,unsmooth surface,bending shape and unqualified performance and so on.They cause not only serious size deviation,but also insufficient strength in the assembly process of extruded profiles,textile machinery and other accessories,so that the product yield is less than 75%.Combined with extrusion production analysis and laboratory test,the causes of various defects in the extrusion process were analyzed by adjusting the parameters of mold making,alloy composition,temperature and speed one by one.The mechanical properties were analyzed by tensile test and hardness test.The mold design scheme is improved and the method of "repairing the mold is nitriding"is established.The process parameters and lean operation standards of extrusion process and subsequent treatment were summarized and the range of silicon and magnesium content in 6063 aluminum alloy was optimized.The implementation of those measures has made the production quality consistent and increased the yield to 80.36%.