单腔与多腔放大式高效耗能黏滞阻尼墙性能研究

Performance study of single-cavity and multi-cavity amplification high-efficiency energy-dissipating viscous damping walls

针对阻尼墙耗能效率问题提出横向位移放大与纵向多腔放大概念,并以此设计了3种高效耗能黏滞阻尼墙装置,即单腔放大式黏滞阻尼墙(SADW)、多腔放大式黏滞阻尼墙(MADW)和多腔相对放大式黏滞阻尼墙(RADW)。根据3种阻尼墙的构造特点,分析了横向位移放大系统与纵向多腔放大系统的耗能效果,提出了阻尼力及耗能理论计算式。取SADW为代表与普通黏滞阻尼墙(VDW)进行试验对比研究,分析在不同试验工况下SADW的滞回耗能能力。结果表明:SADW的滞回曲线较VDW更加饱满,耗能效果更为显著;将阻尼力-位移试验结果与理论曲线进行了对比,两者基本一致,阻尼力相差6.35%,理论滞回模型能较好模拟试验结果。同时,建立了30层混凝土框架核心筒结构进行地震时程响应分析,对比VDW和3种高效黏滞阻尼墙对该结构的减震效率,4种减震方案的结构附加阻尼比分别为0.71%、3.38%、6.22%、7.35%,附加阻尼比放大倍数分别为4.5、7.8、9.0,进一步验证了所提出的3种高效耗能阻尼墙具有良好的减震效果。

The concept of horizontal displacement amplification and vertical multi-cavity amplification was proposed for improving the energy dissipation efficiency of damping walls,and three kinds of high-efficiency energy-dissipating viscous damping wall devices were designed,namely,single-cavity amplification viscous damping wall(SADW),multi-cavity amplification viscous damping wall(MADW)and multi-cavity relatively amplification viscous damping wall(RADW).According to the structural characteristics of the three damping walls,the energy dissipating effects of horizontal displacement amplification and vertical multi-cavity amplification were analyzed,and the theoretical formulas of the damping force and energy dissipation were proposed.Taking SADW as benchmark specimen and ordinary viscous damping wall(VDW)as reference specimen,an experimental comparative study was carried out to study the hysteretic energy dissipation capacity of the SADW under different test conditions.The test results show that the hysteretic loops of SADW are more plump than that of VDW with more significant energy dissipation.The experimental damping force-displacement curves were compared with the theoretical curves,the results are similar.The relative error of damping force is 6.35%,and the theoretical hysteresis model can well replicate the test results.A 30-story concrete framed tube structure was established for seismic time-history analysis,and the difference between the damping efficiency of VDW and three high-efficiency viscous damping walls was compared.The structural additional damping ratios under the four shock-absorbing schemes are 0.71%,3.38%,6.22%,and 7.35%,respectively,and the additional damping ratio increases by 450%,780%,900%,respectively.The shock-absorbing effects of the proposed three high-efficiency viscous damping walls are further confirmed.