神圣地景的兴代:东汉末年疫病下都城文学的发展与文集编纂

The Rise and Replacement of the Sacred Landscape:The Development of Metropolitan Literature and Literary Compilation Under the Plague Outbreak During the Late Period of the Eastern Han Dynasty

建安时期邺城并非实际的都城,却被刻意塑造并赋予"神圣地景"的意义,反映汉末的新权力重心。曹氏父子有意识地将各地降士、文人集中到邺城,重新编纳分裂的地方权力。同时,仿建帝王别苑,设置一"骋才"场所,通过邺下文人的集体书写,将都城的权力、象征意义与新土地连结,使邺城成为"代位的都城"。然而,建安二十二年的疫病,使邺下文人一时俱亡,邺城的"都城文学"面临中辍危机。为了突破生命转瞬即逝的限制,并实现都城意义的不朽,编纂文集遂成为一种迫切的需要。以建安二十二年的疫病为连接点,可以窥见灾疫对都城文学的发展与文集编纂的影响,以及"神圣地景"的兴代问题。

During the Jian’an period,Ye City was not the capital,but it was constructed to convey the meaning of the sacred landscape in order to represent the new political center.At the same time,building a new palace similar to the imperial one,the Cao family also commissioned the writers at Ye City to collectively link the political and symbolic meanings of the capital with the new land,created a new national identity,and marked Ye City as a replacement of the representation of the imperial space.However,the plague outbreak in 217 caused the loss of many talented writers at Ye City,and the metropolitan literature of Ye City was cut off.Therefore,this article just focuses on the plague outbreak in 217,discusses its influence over the development of metropolitan literature and literary compilation,and investigates the rise and replacement of the sacred landscape.