后理论时代的共同体构建——与斯特拉斯堡大学让-吕克·南希教授的学术对话录

Community Construction in the Post-Theoretical Era——An Academic Dialogue of Professor Jean-Luc Nancy from the University of Strasbourg

在让-吕克·南希看来,"解构"的要义并不诉诸于恢复传统形而上学所肯定的本质,而是力求以一种更合理的方式对结构进行重组,这确保了后理论时代建构共同体的可能性和必要性。南希从意义和存在两个维度阐发了共同体的哲学基础,认为共同体是以意义即人的活生生的生存为前提的。意义本身的生成性、未完成性、非给定性等,存在作为"存在于共通之中"的"独一多样存在",共同决定了共同体并非某种本质化、同一化或总体化的实体。真正意义上的共同体承认独一性本身既相互分离又彼此共在的原初结构,本质上是独一性存在以沟通和分享为前提的共同显现。这意味着,后理论时代建构共同体的方式在于:以共通为原则,在维护存在的独一性并尊重其多样性的基础上,构建一种既平等又非均等或同质、和而不同并始终保持沟通的共通体。南希从意义、存在和世界化的角度对共同体的理解,为后理论时代世界文论共通体的构建提供了深刻的启示。在这一思想启示下建设的中国文论,也应该是以共通为前提、始终保持开放并拥有自身独一多样性的文论,应该在与世界文论的分享和沟通中实现超越,最终成为世界文论共通体的"独一多样存在"。

In Nancy’s view,the essence of Deconstruction does not resort to the restoration of the essence affirmed by traditional metaphysics,but strives to reconstruct the structure in a more reasonable way,which ensures the possibility and necessity of constructing a community in the post-theoretical era.Nancy elucidated the philosophical basis of community from the two dimensions of sense and existence,arguing that community was based on the premise that sense was the living existence of human beings.The generative,unfinished and non-qualitative nature of sense itself,the being itself which should be considered as the"being singular plural",and being-in-common,all of which determines that community is not entity,identity or totality.Community in a real sense presents the original structure of uniqueness,which means the beings of community are both separated from each other and co-existed by one another.This means that the possibility of constructing a community in the post-theoretic era lies in the principle of common,the basis of maintaining the singularity of existence and respecting its plurality,and will lead to create a new emotion,a community that is both equal and unequal,harmony in diversity and always in communication.From the perspective of sense,existence and globalization,Nancy provided a distinct philosophical exploration of community construction and a profound enlightenment for the community of world literary theory in the posttheoretical era.Under the inspiration of this thought,the construction of Chinese literary theory is bound to be based on the premise of common,always open and exposes its own plural singularity of literary discourse.It will inevitably achieve transcendence over world literary theory in communication,and eventually become the"community"of world literary theory.