从新《著作权法》反规避条款看知识产权与言论自由的冲突

On the Conflict between Intellectual Property Rights and Freedom of Speech from the Anti- circumvention Clause in the New Copyright Law

《著作权法》新增的反规避条款实质上意味着,商业主体可能通过“技术+法律”的联合规制手段,在以知识产权部门法做保护外衣的同时侵害言论自由之公权。而数字时代的背景要求对知识产权与言论自由之间冲突进行重新分析,商业主体为保护自身利益限制消费者成为新生产者不利于文化参与民主性,因此,“言论”的要素需要被重新解释。另外,通过国外司法个案分析可发现,以法律的内部机制来实现两权的动态平衡可能更有利于保护言论自由。

The new anti circumvention clause in Copyright Law essentially means that business entities may violate the public right of freedom of expression while using the intellectual property department law as a protective cloak through the joint regulation of technology and law.The background of the digital age calls for a re-analysis of the conflict between intellectual property rights and freedom of expression,and that restricting consumers to become new producers to protect their own interests is not conducive to the democracy of cultural participation,so the elements of“speech”need to be reinterpreted.In addition,an analysis of judicial cases from abroad shows that the protection of freedom of expression may be better served by the internal mechanism of the law to realize the dual dynamic equilibrium.