精神科护士睡眠质量及其影响因素分析

Analysis of sleep quality and its influencing factors in psychiatric nurses

目的探讨精神科护士睡眠质量现状及其与心理困扰和应对方式的关系,为进行针对性精神科护士干预提供理论依据。方法采用心理困扰量表(kessler psychological distress scale,K10)、简易应对方式量表(simplified coping style questionnaire,SCSQ)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)对山东省精神病专科医院的812名临床护士进行问卷调查。结果精神科护士心理困扰总分为21.29±8.11,心理困扰检出率70.3%;睡眠质量总分为6.40±3.65,34.7%的精神科护士存在睡眠质量问题;睡眠质量总分各维度与国内常模比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。睡眠质量总分与心理困扰呈正相关(r=0.532,P<0.01),与积极应对呈负相关(r=-0.177,P<0.01),与消极应对方式呈正相关(r=0.137,P<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,心理困扰和积极应对是睡眠质量的影响因素(R;=0.292,F=166.789,P<0.01)。结论精神科护士睡眠质量问题应引起关注,护理管理者今后应重视护士的人文关怀,采取有效的措施缓解精神科护士的精神紧张及压力,从而减少精神科护士心理困扰的发生,减轻睡眠障碍,提高睡眠质量。

Objective To explore the status quo of sleep quality in psychiatric nurses and its relationship with psychological distress and coping style,provide theoretical basis for carrying out targeted psychiatric nurse intervention. Methods 812 clinical nurses in Shandong Psychiatric Hospital were investigated by psychological distress scale(K10),simple coping style scale(SCSQ)and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI). Results The total score of psychological distress in psychiatric nurses was 21.29±8.11,and the detection rate of psychological distress was 70.3%. The total score of sleep quality was 6.40 ±3.65,34.7% of psychiatric nurses had sleep quality problems,and all dimensions of total score of sleep quality had statistically significant differences as compared with the domestic norms(all P<0.01). The total score of sleep quality was positively correlated with psychological distress(r=0.532,P<0.01),negatively correlated with positive coping(r=-0.177,P<0.01),and positively correlated with negative coping style(r=0.137,P<0.01). The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that psychological distress and positive coping were the influencing factors of sleep quality(R;=0.292,F=166.789,P<0.01). Conclusion The sleep quality of psychiatric nurses should cause concern. Nursing administrators should pay attention to the humanistic care of nurses in the future and take effective measures to alleviate the mental stress and stress of psychiatric nurses,so as to reduce the occurrence of psychological distress of psychiatric nurses,reduce sleep disorders and improve sleep quality.