四川省1524名高职院校医学生性健康知识、态度、行为现状及影响因素

Status and influencing factors of sexual health knowledge,attitude and behavior among 1 524 medical students in higher vocational colleges in Sichuan Province

目的分析高职院校医学生性健康素养现状及相关影响因素,为制定高职医学生性健康教育干预方案提供参考依据。方法采用便利抽样方法,于2020年10—11月采用一般资料问卷、性健康素养量表、领悟社会支持量表对四川省3所高职院校1 524名医学生进行调查。结果高职院校医学生性健康知识得分为19.15±2.57,性态度得分为45.64±9.08,性相关行为得分为25.91±5.35,领悟社会支持得分为52.57±8.38。不同性别、年级、性取向、家庭结构、学习成绩、有无性行为、有无恋爱经历、在校期间性行为态度及是否参加过性教育活动的高职院校医学生性健康知识、性健康态度、性相关行为及社会支持得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关分析结果显示,性健康知识与性健康态度及性相关行为总分均呈负相关(均P<0.05),性健康知识总分与社会支持各维度及总分均呈正相关(均P<0.05),性健康态度及性相关行为与社会支持各维度及总分呈均负相关(均P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,性别、年级、家庭结构、有无恋爱经历、有无性行为、在校期间性行为态度、是否参加过性教育活动或领悟社会支持是高职院校医学生性健康素养的主要影响因素。结论高职院校医学生性健康素养处于中等水平,有待进一步提升,护理教育中应根据学生群体的差异性制定针对性性教育培训活动,提升学生性健康素养。

Objective To analyze the current situation of sexual health literacy of medical students in vocational colleges and related influencing factors,provide a reference for formulating the sexual health education intervention programs for medical students of vocational colleges. Methods The convenience sampling method was adopted,1 524 medical students in three vocational colleges in Sichuan Province were investigated by the general information questionnaire,sexual health literacy scale,and perceived social support scale from October to November 2020. Results The score of sexual health knowledge in medical students in vocational colleges was 19.15±2.57,the score of sexual attitude was 45.64±9.08,the score of sexual-related behaviors was 25.91±5.35,and the score of perceived social support was 52.57 ±8.38. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of sexual health knowledge,sexual attitude,sexual-related behaviors and perceived social support among vocational college medical students indifferent gender,grade,sexual orientation,family structure,academic performance,whether they have sexual behavior,whether they have love experience,sexual behaviors and attitudes during school,and whether they have participated in sex education activities(all P<0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that sexual health knowledge was negatively correlated with the total scores of sexual health attitudes and sexual-related behaviors(all P<0.05),the total score of sexual health knowledge was positively correlated with the dimensions and total scores of social support(all P<0.05),and the total scores of sexual health attitudes and sexual-related behaviors were negatively correlated with the dimensions and total scores of social support(all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that gender,grade,family structure,love experience,sexual behavior,sexual behavior and attitude during school,whether to participate in sex education activities,and social support were the main influencing factors of sexual health literacy of medical students in higher vocational. Conclusion The sexual health literacy of medical students in vocational colleges is at a medium level and needs to be further improved. In nursing education,targeted education and training activities should be formulated according to the differences of student groups to improve students’ sexual health literacy.