台州市某高校入学新生血压状况及危险因素调查

Investigation on blood pressure status and risk factors among new students in a college of Taizhou City

目的调查台州市某高校大学生血压水平及分布情况,分析影响高校学生血压升高的危险因素。方法对2019年9月台州市某高校入学的3 203名新生测量血压、身高、体质量和腰围等数据,同时开展问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果本次调查的高校学生血压水平为(115.99±13.42)mm Hg/(70.76±7.89)mm Hg,高血压患病率为1.53%,血压正常高值检出率为38.84%。收缩压与身高、体质量、体质指数(body mass index,BMI)和腰围均呈正相关(r=0.354、0.535、0.456、0.480,均P<0.01),舒张压与性别、身高、体质量、BMI和腰围均呈正相关(r=0.188,0.164,0.288,0.262,0.285,均P<0.01),体质量、性别、腰围、身高及吸烟对收缩压均有影响(B=0.303,-7.467,0.182,0.105,2.059,均P<0.05),体质量、腰围、性别及吸烟对舒张压均有影响(B=0.065,0.115,-1.561,2.642,均P<0.01)。结论吸烟、BMI是台州市某高校学生血压升高的主要危险因素,建议将血压正常高值学生作为高校学生血压健康管理的重点关注对象,加强高校学生健康教育。

Objective To investigate the level and distribution of blood pressure(BP) among students in a college of Taizhou City,analyze the risk of elevated BP in college students. Methods Totally 3 203 new students who entered a college of Taizhou City in September were examined for BP,height,body weight,waist circumference,and a questionnaire investigation was performed. And the data were analyzed. Results BP level of the subjects was(115.99±13.42)mm Hg/(70.76±7.89)mm Hg,and the prevalence of hypertension was 1.53%. The detection rate of high normal BP was 38.84%. The systolic blood pressure was positively correlated with height,body weight,body mass index(BMI),and waist circumference(r=0.354,0.535,0.456,0.480,all P<0.01). The diastolic blood pressure was positively correlated with gender,height,body weight,BMI,and waist circumference(r=0.188,0.164,0.288,0.262,0.285,all P <0.01). The body weight,gender,waist circumference,height and smoking had effect on the systolic blood pressure(B=0.303,-7.467,0.182,0.105,2.059,all P<0.05). The body weight,waist circumference,gender and smoking had effect on the diastolic blood pressure(B =0.065,0.115,-1.561,2.642,all P <0.01). Conclusion Smoking and BMI are the main risk factors of elevated BP among students in a college of Taizhou City. It is suggested that students with normal high BP should be the focus of blood pressure health management of college students,and the health education of college students should be strengthened.