北京市某医院足踝部X射线数字化体层摄影系统放射防护评价分析

Evaluation and analysis on radiation protection for X-ray digital tomography system of foot and ankle in a hospital of Beijing

目的对北京市某三级甲等医院足踝外科新增的1台足踝部X射线数字化体层摄影系统(简称足踝X线机)进行建设项目职业病危害放射防护评价分析,预防职业病危害。方法 2020年8—11月,以该足踝X线机新建项目为研究对象,根据GBZ 130—2020《放射诊断放射防护要求》、GB 18871—2002《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全标准》等国家法律法规文件要求,采用现场调查、收集资料和现场检测的方法,对职业性危害因素和预防措施进行综合评价分析。结果机房外各检测点周围剂量当量率为0.07~0.12μSv/h,工作场所放射防护设施屏蔽效果达到防护要求,放射工作人员和公众可能接受的X射线外照射年剂量低于年管理目标值5.0和0.1 mSv。结论医院应重视放射类设备项目的放射防护,要综合考虑放射设备性能指标和国家法律法规要求,进行充分论证和分析,切实保障放射工作人员及公众的辐射安全和健康。

Objective To conduct the evaluation and analysis on radiation protection of occupational hazards in construction project of a new X-ray digital tomography system of foot and ankle in the foot and ankle surgery department of a grade-A tertiary hospital in Beijing,prevent the occupational hazards. Methods From August to November 2020,the new project of foot and ankle X-ray machine was taken as the research object. According to the requirements of national laws and regulations and other documents such as GBZ 130-2020 Requirements for radiological protection in diagnostic radiology and GB18871-2002 Basic standards for protection against ionizing radiation and radiation sources,the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of occupational hazards and preventive measures was carried out by using the methods of field investigation,data collection and environment testing. Results The dose equivalent rate around each detection point outside of the X-ray room was 0.07-0.12 μSv/h. The shielding effect of radiation protection facilities in the workplace met the protection requirements. The annual dose of X-ray external exposure that radiation workers and the public received was less than the annual management target value of 5 and 0.1 mSv. Conclusion Hospitals should pay attention to the radiation protection against radiation equipment projects,comprehensively consider the performance index of radiological equipment and the requirements of national laws and regulations,make full demonstration and analysis,and effectively guarantee the radiation safety and health of radiological workers and the public.