山楂叶多糖和黄酮调节幼鼠的糖脂代谢和免疫功能研究

Study on hawthorn leaves polysaccharides and flavonoids regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and immune function of young rats

目的研究山楂叶多糖和黄酮对低免疫力联合高脂饮食幼年大鼠的糖脂代谢和免疫细胞因子的影响,以期为预防和治疗肥胖提供理论支持。方法对高脂饮食诱导肥胖(dietary induced obesity,DIO)组的幼年大鼠,第6周起每日注射40 mg/kg环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CTX)持续2周,诱导低免疫力肥胖大鼠模型,命名为DIO-CTX组。DIO-CTX组分灌胃生理盐水(DIO-CTX)、100 mg/kg山楂叶多糖(DIO-CTX-HLP)及100 mg/kg的山楂叶黄酮(DIO-CTX-HLF),于DIO-CTX造模期间与CTX同时灌胃给药。空白对照(Ctrl组)为基础饲料饮食且无其他给药处理。使用试剂盒法检测大鼠血糖、血脂、血液中的谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、肌酐(creatinine,Cr)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α、白介素(interleukin,IL-1β)、IL-10、转化生长因子(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)。末次给药后采用四甲基偶氮唑盐微量酶反应比色法检测幼年大鼠脾淋巴细胞转化功能及免疫器官指数。结果DIO-CTX-HLF和DIO-CTX-HLP组明显抑制因CTX及DIO-CTX处理而升高的血糖、血脂、ALT、Cr、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-10、TGF-β水平(P<0.05);DIO-CTX-HLF和DIO-CTX-HLP组可恢复脾淋巴细胞的增殖及胸腺、脾脏器官指数。因高脂饮食导致的体重增加和CTX导致的体重减少均可被DIO-CTX-HLF和DIO-CTX-HLP恢复接近至正常大鼠体重。结论山楂叶黄酮和多糖提取物可改善低免疫力的肥胖幼年大鼠的血糖和血脂水平,并恢复其免疫功能。

Objective To study the effects of hawthorn leaves polysaccharides and flavonoids on glucose and lipid metabolism and immune cytokines in young rats with low immunity and high fat diet,so as to provide theoretical support for the prevention and treatment of obesity.Methods For juvenile rats in the high-fat dietary induced obesity(DIO)group,40 mg/kg cyclophosphamide(CTX)was injected daily for 2 weeks from the 6th week to induce low-immunity obesity rat model,named as DIO-CTX group.The DIO-CTX group was divided into intragastric saline(DIO-CTX)group,100 mg/kg hawthorn leaf polysaccharide(DIO-CTX-HLP)group and 100 mg/kg hawthorn leaf flavonoids(DIO-CTX-HLF)group.During the CTX modelling period,the CTX was given by intragastric administration at the same time.The blank control(Ctrl group)was given a basal feed diet and no other administration treatments.The kit method was used to detect serum glucose,blood lipids,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),creatinine(Cr),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL-1β,IL-10),transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β).After the last administration,the spleen lymphocyte transformation function and immune organ indexes of young rats were detected by the tetramethylazolyzole microenzyme method.Results DIO-CTX-HLF and DIO-CTX-HLP significantly inhibited the increase of serum glucose,blood lipid,ALT,Cr,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-10,TGF-βinduced by CTX and DIO-CTX treatment(P<0.05).In DIO-CTX-HLF and DIO-CTX-HLP groups,the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes and the organ indexes of thymus and spleen were restored.The weight gain induced by high-fat diet and the weight loss induced by CTX could be restored to normal weight by DIO-CTX-HLF and DIO-CTX-HLP.Conclusion Hawthorn leaf flavonoids and polysaccharide extract can improve serum glucose and serum lipid levels of obese young rats with low immunity,and restore immune function.