个人数据财产权化的进路研究

Research on the Approaches to the Property Rights of Personal Data

从现有个人数据治理实践来看,传统法律供给出现危机,个人数据保护应转向个人数据新型财产权化新机制。个人数据财产权化具有诸多优势,如赋予个人数据主体对于个人数据的控制权与有助于促进数据经济发展等。但是,个人数据保护在承载个人私益保护功能的同时,具有多重功能聚拢与所涉利益关系的交汇性,这就导致个人数据财产权化应是一种复杂的财产权构造。在结构设计上,在赋予个人数据主体必要的私益前提下,同时根据保护个人数据主体合法权益、社会公共利益、数据经济发展与数据安全等因素对其设定相关限制结构。

Judging from the current practice of personal data governance,the traditional legal supply is in crisis,and the protection of personal data should shift to a new mechanism of personal data property rights.The property rights of personal data have many advantages,such as giving personal data subjects control over personal data and helping to promote the development of the data economy.However,personal data protection,while carrying the function of protecting personal private interests,has the convergence of multiple functions and the relationship of interest involved.Consequently,the new mechanism should be a complex structure of property rights.In terms of structural design,on the premise of granting personal data subjects the necessary private interests,relevant restriction structures should be set up based on factors such as protecting the legal rights and interests of personal data subjects and social public interests,data economic development,and data security.