丸山真男的学术研究与对日本军国主义的反思

Maruyama Masao’s Scholarly Research and Reflections on Japanese Militarism

关于七十多年前那场对外侵略战争,日本进步知识分子曾做过深度的反思。其中,体验、观察并反思了日本军国主义内外肆虐全过程的丸山真男及其学术研究,最具代表性。其从未变奏的近代国家意识和主权在民思想,贯穿于前近代与近现代、战(太平洋战争)中与战后的全部重大理论和现实问题中;短暂的军旅生涯之所以无法构成其学术思想的全部背景,缘于丸山“十五年战争观”下的战中军国体验,特别是青少年时期所遭遇的政治暴力和屈辱记忆;其对于“自身历史”和“内在的理解”的反复强调,为揭示丸山庞大学术思想体系的内在机理,提供了一贯始终的观察维度。

Progressive Japanese intellectuals have given deep thought to the war of aggression taking place more than seventy years ago.Maruyama Masao is the most representative figure of this group,who had experienced,observed and reflected on the entire course of the ravages of Japanese militarism at home and abroad,as seen in his scholarly research.His unswerving post-Meiji national consciousness and belief of people's sovereignty runs throughout his work on major theoretical and practical issues from pre-modern to modern times,including the wartime(the Pacific War)and postwar periods.The reason his brief military career does not furnish the full backdrop of his academic thought lies in his experience of militarism during the“fifteen-year war”(1931-1945),especially in his memories of the political violence and humiliations of his youth.His repeated emphasis on“one’s own history”and“inner understanding”provides a consistent observational dimension that gives an insight into the internal workings of his massive system of scholarly thought.