日本海舍氏贝乌贼角质颚形态特征分析

Analysis of Beak Morphological Characteristic of Berryteuthis magister shevtsovi in Japan Sea

角质颚作为头足类的摄食器官,蕴含丰富的生态信息。根据2018年中国鱿钓船在日本海采集的303尾舍氏贝乌贼(Berryteuthis magister shevtsovi)样本,对其角质颚形态特征进行了分析。主成分分析显示,上头盖长、上喙长和上喙宽可解释舍氏贝乌贼上颚形态特征80.71%的信息,选为上颚的外形表征参数,下头盖长、下脊突长和下喙长可解释形态特征81.57%的信息,选为下颚的外形表征参数。协方差分析表明,舍氏贝乌贼角质颚外形表征参数与胴长和体重的关系均不存在性别间显著性差异。方程拟合和赤池信息准则结果表明,上头盖长与胴长的生长关系最适合用线性方程表示,而上喙长、上喙宽、下头盖长、下脊突长和下喙长与胴长的生长关系均最适用对数方程表示。上头盖长与体重的生长关系最适合用线性方程表示,而上喙长、上喙宽、下头盖长、下脊突长、下喙长与体重的生长关系均最适用对数方程表示。表征参数及其与胴长(或体重)关系式的确定,为后续利用角质颚外形进行种群鉴定和资源评估打下了基础。

Beaks contain a lot of ecological information as feeding organ of cephalopods.According to the measurement of the morphological parameters of the beak from 303 Berryteuthis magister shevtsovi samples collected by Chinese jigging vessels in the Japan Sea in January 2018,the morphologic growth characteristic of beaks was studied.A total of 12 external morphological parameters of upper and lower beaks were analyzed by using SPSS.When the cumulative contribution rate of principal components was greater than 75%,the external morphological parameters with high coefficient were selected as the characterization parameters.Linear,exponential,power and logarithmic mathematical models were used to fit the relationship between external morphological parameters of beaks and mantle length(ML)and body weight(BW)by Excel.Akachi Information Criterion and correlation coefficient were used to compare the growth models.The principal component analysis showed the upper hood length(UHL),upper rostrum length(URL)and upper rostrum width(URW)could account for 80.71%of morphological characteristics of upper beak,and were selected main morphological parameters of upper beak and lower hood length(LHL),lower crest length(LCL)and lower rostrum length(LRL)could account for 81.57%of morphological characteristics of lower beak,and were selected main morphological parameters of lower beak(Table 2 and 3).Results of the analysis of covariance(ANCOVA)showed that there was no significant gender difference in the relationships between all morphological characteristic parameters and mantle length and body weight.According to equation fitting and Akaike’s information criterion,the relationship between UHL and ML was most suitable to be expressed by a linear equation,while the relationship between URL,URW,LHL,LCL and LRL and ML was most suitable for a logarithmic equation;the relationship between UHL and BW was described by linear function(Fig.4),and logarithm functions were best for URL,URW,LHL,LCL and LRL.The determination of characteristic parameters and growth equation laid the foundation of population identification and resource assessment by using beak morphology in the further.