殊途同归:杨昌济与徐特立教师生涯转型的路径及意义

Reaching the Same Goal by Different Routes:the Path and Significance of YANG Changji’s and XU Teli’s Teacher Career Transformation

杨昌济与徐特立早年为乡村塾师,居于底层,忙于生计,在清末教育变革中共同经历了教师生涯的转型,但各沿不同的路径展开:杨昌济在新政兴学时考取官费留学,负笈日本、英国,从传统举子转变为新潮知识分子;徐特立通过自学和师范学堂短期进修,从旧式士子转变为新型教师和办学者。民国初年,二人命运交集,同为师范之师,致力于培育青年一代,堪称青年导师。杨昌济与徐特立通过身份转变,成功实现了人生逆袭,从底层塾师成长为中国近现代教育史上著名的教育家,反映出教育变革既对教师职业提出了新的要求,又为教师成长提供了新的机会,只有顺应时代,主动应对,才能实现人生转变与事业成就的双丰收。

Yang Changji and Xu Teli were rural school teachers in their early years.They belonged to grassroot class,and were busy with their livelihoods.They experienced different types of transformation of their teacher careers in the educational reform in the late Qing Dynasty.Yang Changji was admitted to study abroad with official fees when the new policy of advocating learning was inaugurated.He studied in Japan and the United Kingdom,changing from a traditional scholar to new type of intellectual;Xu Teli changed from an old scholar to a new type of teacher and school operator through self-study and short-term training in the normal school.In the early years of the Republic of China,the two,both were teachers of cultivating teacher,involved together in the devotion to nurturing the younger generation and were called youth mentors.Through the change of identity,Yang Changji and Xu Teli successfully realized the counterattack in life by growing from grassroots school teacher to the famous educators in the history of modern Chinese education.Their examples reflect that the educational reform not only puts forward new requirements on the teaching profession,but also provides new opportunities for the development of teachers.Only by adapting to the times and taking the initiatives can we achieve life transformation and career achievement.