“一带一路”背景下的对外汉语教学——以汉语、英语和西班牙语词汇比较教学为例

Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language in the Context of“Belt and Road initiative”:the Case Study of Comparative Teaching of Chinese,Spanish and English Vocabulary

在中国实施"一带一路"倡议的背景下,中国的国际地位日益提升。因此,中国与以英语、西班牙语为母语的国家,在经贸和文化等方面往来日益频繁,外国人士来华学习交流日益增多。让他们更好地了解中国语言和文化传统,值得对外汉语教学工作者关注。汉语、英语和西班牙语属于不同的语系,它们不仅拥有不同的表达习惯,还包含了自身特有的文化内涵。在对外汉语教学过程中,在与以英语和西班牙语为母语的学习者学习和交流中,更好地掌握不同语言和文化异同的规律,进而更好地了解汉语的语言结构特点,减少在实际交流过程中的障碍和困难,显得十分重要。本文通过对汉语、英语和西班牙语的词汇结构和含义进行对比,发现其中的规律,并对其分析、归纳和总结,旨在帮助汉语学习者更好掌握学习的方法,减少交流中的信息衰减和误解,促进中华文化的对外传播。

In the context of "Belt and Road Initiative" , China’s international status is increasing day by day. Therefore, China has increasingly frequent economic, trade and cultural exchanges with English-speaking and Spanish-speaking countries, and people from these countries come to China to study are on the rise, so making them better understand Chinese language and cultural traditions should be noted by those engaged in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Chinese, English and Spanish belong to different language systems, not only with different expression habits, but with their own unique cultural connotations. In the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, in the study and communication with Chinese learners who are native English or Spanish speakers, it is important that we can better grasp the laws of the similarities and differences of different languages ?and cultures, and better understand the characteristics of Chinese language structure, thus to reduce obstacles and difficulties in the actual communication process. This paper compares the structure and meaning of Chinese, English and Spanish vocabulary, discovers the rules which are analyzed and summarized, aiming to help Chinese learners better master the learning methods, reduce information attenuation and misunderstandings in communications, and therefore to promote the spread of Chinese culture worldwide.