入侵物种福寿螺对不同生态系统的破坏性影响

Pomacea canaliculata is an important invasive species causing ecological vulnerability

福寿螺自20世纪80年代引入我国后,迅速入侵我国多省市地区,因其对农业生产、水产养殖和人类健康造成的不良影响而广为人知。福寿螺入侵新坏境后,会对入侵地的生态系统产生整体的影响。福寿螺可通过直接牧食、资源竞争、间接胁迫改变被入侵地区水体和土壤条件等,降低该地区的物种多样性,从而影响其抵抗气候变化和人类活动干扰的能力,增加了农田、湿地、淡水等生态系统的生态脆弱性。本文为科学防治福寿螺,保护现有的和潜在的福寿螺入侵地的生态稳定性提供一定的理论基础。

Pomacea canaliculata,introduced into China in 1980 s,has rapidly invaded many provinces and cities in China,which is well known for its adverse effects on agriculture,aquaculture and human health. However,when the snails invade the new environment,they will have an overall impact on the ecosystem and reduce the species diversity of the invaded area through direct grazing,resource competition,indirect stress and changing the water and soil conditions,therefore,the ability to resisting climate change and human activities is affected,and the ecological vulnerability of farmland,wetland and fresh water ecosystem is increased. This paper provides a theoretical basis for scientific control of P. canaliculata to protect of ecological stability of the existing and potential invaded areas.