复杂热力条件下扫描路径规划及其优化方法

Scanning Path Planning and Optimization Method Based on Complex Thermal Conditions

与传统的打印树脂材料相比,3D打印技术应用于复杂部件的增材制造方面,因具有优异的力学性能,更可实现减材制造无法实现的复杂几何结构等优势。探讨激光同步送粉增材路径扫描工艺所存在的难题,重点研究扫描路径规划技术及其优化方法。激光同步送粉过程中,将产生大量的热量,及金属材料的散热特性,导致材料增材过程中受热力学影响严重,不可避免的造成材料翘曲变形,影响了加工质量甚至造成工件的报废。这也提高了激光同步送粉技术的造价及应用,如何在扫描过程中考虑热力学导致的材料变形问题是亟待解决的难题。针对上述瓶颈问题,通过计算机图形学技术结合工艺实验暴露的问题,采用选定加工区域、变厚度补偿等解决方法,并将多种填充方式与工艺技术进行创新整合,开发出适用于激光同步送粉增材制造的高效填充方法。结果表明,该方法可显著改善材料受热应力导致的热变形。

Compared with traditional printing resin materials,3 D printing technology is applied to the additive manufacturing of complex parts.Because of its excellent mechanical properties,it can achieve advantages such as complex geometric structures that cannot be achieved by subtractive manufacturing.The difficulties in the laser synchronous powder feed additive path scanning process were discussed.The scanning path planning technology and its optimization methods were studied.A large amount of heat appears during the laser synchronous powder feeding process,and the heat dissipation characteristics of the metal material cause the thermodynamic influencing on the material addition process.And then,the cost and application of laser synchronous powder feeding technology improves.How to consider the problem of material deformation caused by thermodynamics during the scanning process is an urgent problem to be solved.In view of the above bottleneck problems,the problems exposed through computer graphics technology combined with process experiments,adopting selected processing areas,variable thickness compensation and other solutions,and the various filling methods and process technologies were innovatively integrated,an efficient filling method suitable for laser synchronous powder feed additive manufacturing was developed.The results show that the method can significantly improve the thermal deformation caused by the thermal stress.