从《先秦儒家价值体系研究》析道德高尚与道德无力

Analysis of Noble Morality and Moral Weakness from Study on the Value System of Pre-Qin Confucianism

理论的正确与真正落实到实践是完全不同的两回事,这就与儒家知行合一的先验认知存在矛盾与冲突。孟子虽然区分了道德上的"不为"与"不能",对人所性与所欲的不同情况作出具体分析,但是对于解决儒家的道德困境并未起到实际作用。儒家为世人树立可学而至的道德信念,本意在于磨砺主体意志,坚定道德信心,却未曾料到会给世人造成道德轻而易举的错觉。对于世人来说,道德难能可贵,所以才更需要倍加尊重与珍惜,而非严厉苛责,否则也只能适得其反,对于道德的真正实践则助益无多。

The correctness of a theory is completely different from its actual implementation,and this collides with the prior cognition of the unity of knowledge and action in Confucianism.Although Mencius distinguished Laissez faire and incompetence morally and made a specific analysis of the different situations of human nature and desire,it did not eliminate the moral dilemma of Confucianism.Confucian established moral belief through learning,and its original intention was to encourage will of the subject and strengthen moral confidence instead of giving the illusion that morality was easy.Morality was invaluable,so it was necessary to respect and cherish it,rather than treat it harshly,otherwise it would only be counterproductive and of little help to the true practice of morality.