地上和地下滴灌对玉米生长和生物量分配的模拟研究

A Simulation Study of Effects of Above-Ground Drip Irrigation and Below-Ground Drip Irrigation on Growth and Biomass Allocation of Maize

为研究地上和地下滴灌对土壤水分含量及玉米生长的影响,本研究采用盆栽试验,共设定地上滴灌(滴灌带置于地表)和地下滴灌(滴灌带位于土壤表面下15 cm)两种处理,每隔2天对土壤含水量和玉米性状株高和叶片数量进行测量,在实验结束时测定玉米总生物量和各器官生物量(根、茎、叶、果穗)。结果发现:(1)在盆栽模拟情况下,地上和地下滴灌对土壤含水量和总生物量无显著影响,而对玉米株高、叶片数量和茎生物量有显著影响;(2)地下滴灌与地上滴灌相比,可显著增加玉米株高和叶片数量生长以及茎生物量;(3)地上和地下滴灌时,除根系生物量与株高以及根系生物量与果穗生物量之间无显著关系外,株高、叶片数量、茎生物量和叶生物量之间在地上和地下滴灌时,均呈显著的正相关关系,表明地上和地下滴灌并未改变玉米形态与各器官生物量之间关系。

In order to compare effects of above-and below-ground drip irrigation on soil moisture content,growth and biomass allocation of maize,this study applied two different drip irrigations in a pot experiment:above-ground(drip tapes were placed on soil surface)and below-ground drip irrigation(drip tapes were located15 cm below soil surface)respectively.Soil water content,plant height,leaves numbers of maize were measured every 2 days during the experiment period.Total biomass and biomass of major organs(roots,stems,leaves and fruits)were harvested and measured at the end of experiments.We found that compared with above-ground drip irrigation,below-ground drip irrigation had no significant effects on soil water content and total biomass,but significantly increased height,leaves number and stem biomass of maize.A significant and positive relationship was detected among height,leaves number,roots biomass,stems biomass and fruits biomass,except for roots biomass and height in above-ground drip irrigation and roots biomass and fruits biomass in below-ground drip irrigation,which demonstrated that relationships between morphological trait and biomass did not change.