基于ADAMS/CAR的FSAE赛车解耦悬架设计和仿真研究

Design and Simulation Research on Decoupling Suspension of FSAE Racing Car Based on ADAMS/CAR

传统的大学生方程式赛车采用双横臂式悬架,改变对称布置的弹簧刚度时,悬架的侧倾刚度及垂直刚度都会发生改变,为悬架侧倾刚度、垂直刚度的调校带来困扰。在双横臂式悬架的基础上,设计了FSAE赛车解耦悬架,基于ADAMS/CAR中进行悬架运动特性的仿真和分析。首先在双横臂非独立式悬架的基础上,改变弹簧位置的硬点设计,采用一根弹簧横置,一根弹簧斜置的几何悬架布置形式,将悬架的侧倾和俯仰运动解耦;建立后解耦悬架模型,分别改变横置弹簧刚度、斜置弹簧刚度,进行平行轮跳仿真及对称轮跳仿真,分析悬架的侧倾刚度、垂直刚度的关联程度。仿真结果表明,解耦悬架布置形式实现了赛车侧倾运动和俯仰运动的解耦,为FSAE赛车侧倾刚度、垂直刚度的独立调校提供了新的思路和研究方法。

The traditional Formula Student car uses a double wishbone suspension.When the symmetrically arranged spring stiffness is changed,the roll stiffness and vertical stiffness of the suspension will change,which brings troubles to the adjustment of the suspension roll stiffness and vertical stiffness.Based on the double wishbone suspension,the FSAE racing decoupling suspension is designed in this paper,and the suspension motion characteristics are simulated and analyzed based on ADAMS/CAR.On the basis of the double wishbone non-independent suspension,the hard-point design of changing the position of the spring adopts a geometric suspension arrangement with one spring horizontally and one spring inclined to resolve the roll and pitch motions of the suspension.The coupling realizes the decoupling of the rolling motion and pitching motion of the racing car,and provides new ideas and research methods for the independent adjustment of the FSAE racing car’s roll stiffness and vertical stiffness.