妨害兴奋剂管理罪前置法的功能不足及补强

Insufficiency and Reinforcement in the Function of the Previous Laws of Crime of Obstructing Doping Management

妨害兴奋剂管理罪所具有的明显法定犯属性和对“运动员”“兴奋剂”“国内、国际重大体育竞赛”等核心构成要件要素的准确认定,决定了妨害兴奋剂管理罪的司法认定离不开前置法的规定。根据相关前置法认定妨害兴奋剂管理罪,不仅会使对“运动员”的司法认定过程违反法律专属主义,而且无法为“国内、国际重大体育竞赛”提供解释依据,同时会使对行为主体的认定结论陷入正当性危机。为此,应通过修改相关前置法,扩大“运动员”的范围,明确“国内、国际重大体育竞赛”的含义和范围,拓展行政违法行为主体的范围,以补强其在妨害兴奋剂管理罪司法认定上的基本功能。

The obvious attribute of statutory crime in the crime of obstructing doping management and the accurate identification of the core elements such as"athletes","doping"and"major domestic and international sports competition"determine that the judicial identification of the crime of obstructing doping management is inseparable from the provisions of the previous laws.However,when identifying the crime of obstructing doping management according to the relevant previous laws,they will not only make the judicial identification process of"athletes"violate legal exclusionism,but fail to provide a basis for interpreting"major domestic and international sports competition";at the same time they will make the identification conclusion of behavior subject fall into legitimacy crisis.Therefore,the relevant previous laws should be notified,that is,to expand the scope of"athletes",the meaning and scope of"major domestic and international sports competition"should be clarified,and the scope of subject of administrative violation should be expanded.In so doing the previous laws'basic function should be strengthened in the judicial determination of crime of obstructing doping management.