专用复合微生物肥料对核桃生长及品质的影响

Effect of Special Compound Microbial Fertilizer on Growth and Quality of Walnut

在前期立地条件为矿质黄壤的研究基础上,选择凉山州喜德县紫色土核桃种植区,开展肥料对比试验,以期在生产上为紫色土广布区核桃种植提出合理施肥建议。以4年生“硕星”幼树和10年生挂果树为试验材料,设置4个处理(T1:不施肥、T2:施用普通复混肥料、T3:施用专用无机肥、T4:施用复合微生物肥),探究专用复合微生物肥料对幼树株高及挂果树果实产量、品质、经济效益的影响。结果表明,两种土壤类型施用专用复合微生物肥料,均能提高核桃幼树树高,增加果实产量。紫色土的核桃幼树树高、和果实的产量增长比矿质黄壤高,施用复合肥料比不施肥的核桃幼树增高38.03%,比施用普通复混肥料增加27.27%,比无机专用肥增长10.11%。施用核桃复合微生物肥料比不施肥的核桃树果实增产44.56%,比施用普通复混肥料增产28.04%,且显著提高了核桃果的横径、重量、出仁率、脂肪含量和蛋白含量,分别提高10.99%、14.89%、10.31%、8.09%、7.27%。

On the basis of the research on the site condition of mineral yellow soil in the early stage,the purple soil walnut planting area in Xide County of Liangshan Prefecture was selected to carry out the fertilizer contrast experimen,in order to put forward reasonable fertilization suggestions for walnut planting in the purple soil widely distributed area.The 4-year-old"shuoxing"saplings and 10-year-old hanging fruit trees were selected as the experimental materials,and four treatments(T1:no fertilization,T2:application of common compound fertilizer,T3:application of special inorganic fertilizer,T4:application of compound microbial fertilizer)were set up to explore the effects of special compound microbial fertilizer on the plant height,fruit yield,quality and economic benefits of young trees.The results showed that the application of special compound microbial fertilizer could increase the height and fruit yield of young walnut trees.The growth of young walnut tree height and fruit yield in purple soil was higher than that in mineral yellow soil.The application of compound fertilizer was 38.03%higher than that of no fertilizer,27.27%higher than that of common compound fertilizer and 10.11%higher than that of inorganic special fertilizer.The yield of walnut fruit increased by 44.56%and 28.04%compared with no fertilizer and common compound fertilizer,and the transverse diameter,weight,kernel yield,fat content and protein content of walnut fruit increased by 10.99%,14.89%,10.31%,8.09%and 7.27%,respectively.