智能印迹聚合物及其外场强化的识别机制研究进展

Research progress in intelligent imprinted polymers and their recognition mechanisms under external field enhancement

智能印迹聚合物在外部环境刺激下对模板分子具有响应性分子识别吸附能力,在吸附分离、药物传递、检测、固相萃取、催化等应用领域有着广阔的前景。本文首先对分子印迹聚合物进行了综述并指出在外场强化过程中常规分子印迹聚合物很难通过改变结合位点来控制结合特性的问题,针对这个问题进而提出具有柔性位点的智能响应型印迹聚合物。随后以具有不同响应功能的智能印迹聚合物为出发点,对磁、热、光、pH、生物大分子等单因子及双重因子响应功能印迹聚合物在外场强化过程中的响应与识别机制分别进行分析与总结,并综述了近些年来这些智能印迹聚合物在不同应用领域中相关研究工作进展。最后,基于不同响应功能的智能印迹聚合物的现状问题,对智能印迹聚合物在材料制备与理论两方面分别进行了展望。

Intelligent imprinted polymers have stimuli-responsive molecular recognition and adsorption capability for template molecules under environmental stimuli.They have a broad prospect in the application encompassing the fields of adsorption separation,drug delivery,detection,solid phase extraction,catalysis and so on.In this paper,molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs)were reviewed and the significant drawback of MIPs that it was difficult for MIPs to deform the binding sites for the sake of controlling binding characteristics was pointed out.To solve this problem,intelligent responsive imprinted polymers with flexible sites were proposed.Then,the response and identification mechanisms for intelligent imprinted polymers with magnetic,thermal,optical,pH,biological macromolecules and other dual-factors response functions were analyzed and summarized,respectively.It also reviewed the research progress of these intelligent imprinted polymers in different applications in recent years.Finally,based on the problems of different intelligent imprinted polymers,it prospected the intelligent imprinted polymers in the future from the aspect of preparation and theory,respectively.