门源县仙米林场野生药用植物资源多样性研究

Study on Wild Medicinal Plant Resource Diversity in Xianmi Forest Farm of Menyuan County

采用样线法、样地法和文献资料法对青海省门源县仙米林场野生药用植物资源进行调查,统计分析该区野生药用植物科属种构成、区系分布、生活型、药用功效、药用部位和药性。调查结果表明仙米林场野生药用植物共有38科103属151种,其中寡种科最多,占总科的47.37%;该区植物区系分布涉及北温带、东亚、温带亚洲等10个类型,其中北温带占主要优势,占总种数的53.64%;在生活型构成上,多年生草本植物种类最多,占总种数的62.25%;药用功效以清热为主,占总种数的18.54%;药用部位以全草入药植物最多,占总种比的65.56%;药性以寒为主,占总种比的39.74%。仙米林场野生药用植物资源丰富,应加大对该区野生药用植物资源保护,并科学合理的进行开发利用。

The resources of wild medicinal plants in Xianmi Forest farm,Menyuan county,Qinghai province were investigated by using line transect,sample plot and literature review method and the com⁃position of family,genus and species,floristic distribution,life forms,medicinal efficacy,medicinal parts and medicinal properties of wild medicinal plants were counted and analyzed in this area.The re⁃sults showed that there were 151 species of wild medicinal plants,belonging to 103 genera and 38 fami⁃lies in Xianmi Forest Farm,among which the few-species families were the most,accounting for 47.37%of the total family.The floristic distribution of the region divided into 10 types,including north temperate zone,East Asia and Temperate Zone Asia,among which the north temperate zone was dominant,ac⁃counting for 53.64%of the total species.In terms of life forms,perennial herbaceous species were the most,accounting for 62.25%of the total species.The main medicinal effects were heat clearing,account⁃ing for 18.54%of the total number of species.The most medicinal parts were whole grass plants,account⁃ing for 65.56%of the total species.The wild medicinal plants were mainly cold,accounting for 39.74%of the total species.There were abundant wild medicinal plant resources and the protection of wild medici⁃nal plant resources should be scientifically and rationally strengthened developed and utilizeined in Xian⁃mi Forest farm.