长输油气管道应急抢修体系现状及改进探讨

Status and Improvement Discussion of Emergency Repair System for Long-distance Oil&Gas Pipeline

我国长输管道面临事故多发期的重大挑战,应急响应存在政府和企业分工不清晰、现场指挥协调不顺畅、应急预案可操作性差、缺少次生灾害预警等问题。为提高管道企业应对重大突发事件的应急处置能力,针对管道应急抢修体系中的应急响应程序、联动机制和维抢修设备调配开展技术现状调研和改进研究,指出管道应急抢修的发展方向是探索基于并行任务框架的高效联动机制,通过开展维抢修能力评估和实施区域化应急抢修管理策略,致力于筹建智能化管道应急体系。建议从特殊地区管道抢修技术、应急信息传递机制、政府和企业共享联动机制、事故预警和信息发布等方面,完善管道应急抢修体系的实施。

China's long-distance pipeline is facing major challenges of frequent accidents.There are some problems in the emergency response of long-distance pipelines in China,such as unclear duty division between government and enterprises,unsmooth on-site command and coordination,poor operability of emergency plans and lack of early warning of secondary disasters.In order to improve the ability of pipeline enterprises in dealing with major emergencies,this paper focuses on the technical status investigation and improvement research on the emergency response procedures,linkage mechanism and maintenance and repair equipment allocation in the pipeline emergency repair system.It is pointed out that the development trend of pipeline emergency repair is to develop an efficient linkage mechanism based on a parallel task framework,and strive to build an intelligent pipeline emergency system by carrying out maintenance and repair capability evaluation and implementing regional emergency repair management strategy.The implementation suggestions to improve the pipeline emergency repair system are put forward from the aspects of pipeline emergency repair technology in special areas,emergency information transmission mechanism,government and enterprise sharing linkage mechanism,accident warning and information release,etc.