石墨烯基复合水凝胶的制备及其在海水脱盐净化中的应用

Preparation of graphene-based composite hydrogels and its application in seawater desalination and purification

利用一步化学还原法将二硫化钼(MoS_(2))纳米花嵌入石墨烯中,制得一种多孔的光热复合水凝胶,即二硫化钼夹层石墨烯水凝胶,其与人工蒸腾装置相结合用于构筑太阳能驱动的界面水蒸发体系。通过扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线粉末衍射仪、紫外可见-近红外分光光度计及红外热像仪测试材料的形貌和理化性能,并将复合水凝胶置于模拟太阳光下进行水蒸发及脱盐试验。结果表明:MoS_(2)能稳定分散在石墨烯纳米片中,且二者的结合有助于增强材料的光热性能。结合人工蒸腾装置的特殊热定位和快速补水优势,该光热体系能够实现水的快速蒸发,在3.6 kW/m^(2)光照下水蒸发速率(15.6 kg·m^(2)/h)约为自然蒸发的33倍,并且复合水凝胶具有良好的稳定性和高效的脱盐效果,具有清洁水生产的应用前景。

A porous photothermal composite hydrogel,namely molybdenum disulfide intercalated graphene hydrogel,was fabricated by embedding MoS_(2)nanoflowers into graphene using the one-step chemical reduction method.A solar energy-driven interfacial water evaporation system was constructed combined with an artificial evaporation device.The morphology and physicochemical properties of the material were tested by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray powder diffractometer,UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer and infrared thermography.The composite hydrogel was subjected to simulated solar light for water evaporation and desalination tests.The results show that MoS_(2)can be stably dispersed in graphene nanosheets and the combination of the two contributes to the enhanced photothermal properties of the material.Combined with the special thermal positioning of artificial transpiration device and the advantage of rapid water replenishment,the photothermal system can achieve rapid water evaporation.The water evaporation rate(15.6 kg·m^(2)/h)under 3.6 kW/m^(2)light is about 33 times faster than that of natural evaporation.The composite hydrogel also has good stability and can achieve the seawater desalination,which has the application prospect of clean water production.