表两难选择的“A也不是,B也不是”构式分析

The Analysis of the Dilemma Meaning Construction“A ye bushi,B ye bushi(A也不是,B也不是)”

在现代汉语中,表两难选择的构式“A也不是,B也不是”的使用频率较高,常用于摹写人物情态或心理状态,表示“不知道该如何选择,怎么做都不合适”。它体现出较强的主观性,具有夸张的语用表达效果。语料显示,A、B音节数量相等的用例要多于A、B音节数量不相等的用例;A、B的词性具有一致性,大多为动词或动词性短语。这种词性分布状况与动词的情境性、人类的信息感知方式密切相关。A、B的语义关系可分为互补关系和相对关系,该构式还可以根据表义的需要进行语项的并置与扩展。除此之外,还存在与之相似的其他构式,它们的构式化程度比“A也不是,B也不是”要低。

The dilemma meaning construction“A ye bushi,B ye bushi(A也不是,B也不是)”is frequently used in Chinese.It is often used to describe the character’s modal or psychological state.It means“don’t know how to choose,and not appropriate to do anything”,which has strong subjective and exaggerated pragmatic expression effect.The corpus shows that most A and B have the same number of syllables,and most of them are verbs or verbal phrases.The distribution of part of speech is closely related to the situational nature of verbs and human’s way of information perception.Specifically,the semantic relations of A and B can be divided into complementary relations and relative relations,and the construction can also juxtapose and expand according to the need of the semantic.In addition,there are some similar constructions,which are less structuralized than“A ye bushi,B ye bushi(A也不是,B也不是)”.