华文教育中的现代汉字教学研究--基于“字族理论”

The Study of Chinese Character Teaching to Chinese Heritage Learners--By the Theory of Chinese Characters’Family

汉字教学既要符合时代特征,也应该注重学习者的特点。一般来说,华裔学生的听说能力往往会高于同水平的非华裔汉语学习者,然而其读写能力却并没有显著优势。因此,在华文教育中的汉字教学方面,汉语教师应根据华裔学生的学习特点因材施教,重视其固有的语言、文化基础。在教学中可利用“字族理论”进行“同族字”的集中教学,让学习者意识到“同族字”在形、音和义上的系联,通过习得“母字”来拓展“孳乳字”的识字量。采用这种教学方法,可以有效提高学生的学习效率,克服其学习汉字的畏难情绪,从而实现汉语水平的整体提高。

Chinese character teaching should not only conform to the characteristics of the times,but also heed the characteristics of students.Chinese heritage learners(CHL)account for a large proportion of Chinese learners.Chinese teachers should pay attention to the language and cultural foundation of CHL.They can do this by using the Chinese characters’family theory,combine it with the cultural connotation of CHL,formulate specialized teaching methods,enhance students’Chinese character ability,improve their reading and writing level,and thus achieve an overall improvement of Chinese proficiency.