青海省R&D活动投入效率评价及影响机制

Evaluation and Influencing Mechanism of R&D Input Efficiency in Qinghai Province

在分析青海省R&D活动总量及结构现状和存在问题基础上,采用基于数据包络分析(DEA)的CCR模型和Malmquist生产率指数,对2000—2017年青海省R&D活动的静态投入效率和动态投入效率进行测算评价,且考察青海省R&D活动投入效率的影响机制。研究发现:青海省R&D活动投入效率总体偏低,在西北5省区及国内30个省份处于下游水平;从静态投入效率看,综合效率和规模效率均较低,纯技术效率相对有效,规模效益处于规模递增状态;从动态投入效率看,技术进步缓慢和技术效率改善不明显拖累了全要素生产率增长;研发人员、对外开放和创新环境指标水平提升显著促进青海省R&D活动投入效率提升,但研发经费和政府支持对青海省R&D活动投入效率提升作用不显著。研究结论对青海省科技发展的政策含义包括应充分发挥政府资金引导作用,加强人才引进和培育力度,积极促进科技成果吸收转化,以及营造高质量科技创新环境等。

Based on the analysis of the total amount and structure situation and existing problems of R&D activities in Qinghai province,this paper evaluates its static and dynamic R&D input efficiency from 2000 to 2017,using the CCR model and Malmquist productivity index based on data envelopment analysis(DEA),and investigates the influencing mechanism of R&D input efficiency.The paper finds that the R&D activities input efficiency of Qinghai is generally low,which is at the downstream level in 5 provinces in northwest China and 30 provinces in China.From the perspective of static input efficiency,the comprehensive efficiency and scale efficiency are low,the pure technical efficiency is relatively effective,and the scale efficiency is increasing.From the perspective of dynamic input efficiency,slow technological progress and insignificant improvement in technical efficiency have dragged down the growth of total factor productivity.The improvement of R&D personnel,opening up and innovation environment indicators significantly promote the investment efficiency of R&D activities in Qinghai,but R&D funds and government support do not significantly improve the investment efficiency of R&D activities in Qinghai.The policy implications of the research conclusions for the S&T development of Qinghai province include giving full play to the guiding role of government funds,strengthening the introduction and cultivation of talents,actively promoting the absorption and transformation of S&T achievements,and creating a high-quality S&T innovation environment.