铁路集装箱中心站资源分配与作业调度联合优化

Integrating optimization of resource allocation and handling scheduling in railway container terminal

铁路集装箱中心站主作业区资源分配与作业调度联合优化对其经营效益和运作效率有重要影响.基于“轨道吊-集卡”协同装卸方案,引入轨道吊动态配置原则,以最大化作业均衡率和最小化作业成本为目标,构建多目标非线性混合整数规划模型,综合研究作业区域动态划分、贝位分配以及多轨道吊调度多层次联合优化问题.根据问题特点,融合启发式规则、遗传算法和模拟退火算法,设计3层混合启发式算法求解模型.通过不同规模算例,对比Cplex与所设计算法的实验结果,验证模型的正确性和算法的有效性,并借助于不同划分原则、不同优化策略与不同间隔约束下的对比实验,验证优化模型与算法普适性.结果表明,新型装卸方案、动态作业区域以及联合优化策略可大幅度均衡轨道吊作业量,避免资源过度负载、降低中心站作业成本,为中心站的实际运营管理提供决策支持.

The integrating optimization of resource allocation and operation scheduling in the main operation area of the railway container terminal has a significant impact on operation performance and efficieny.Based on the gantry cranes and trucks cooperative handling plan and introducing the principle of dynamic allocation of gantry cranes,a multi-objective non-linear mixed-integer programming model is constructed,which is to maximize balance rate and minimize handling costs,to comprehensively study the multi-level collaborative optimization problems,including the crane area division,slot assignment,and multi-gantry crane scheduling.Based on the characteristics of the problem,combining the heuristic rules,the genetic algorithm,and the simulated annealing algorithm,a three-layer hybrid heuristic algorithm is designed to solve the model.The Cplex solver and the algorithm designed are applied to solve different scale examples to verify the correctness of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm.By comparison with the experimental results of different division principles,optimization strategies,and interval constraints,the universality of the model and algorithm are shown.The results show that the new handling scheme,dynamic crane area,and the integrating optimization strategy can greatly balance the rate of gantry crane operation,avoid overburdening resources and reduce the handling cost of the railway container terminal,which provides decision support for the actual operation and management of it.