中老年自主性锻炼动机、太极拳习练与幸福感的关系:基于混合研究方法的实证分析

R elationship Between Autonomy Exercise Motivation,Taijiquan Practice and Happiness of Middle-Aged and Elderly:Empirical analysis based on mixed research method

本研究采用BREQ-2、太极拳习练问卷、综合幸福感问卷对590名中老年太极拳习练者进行测量,对其中12名习练者进行访谈。结果显示:(1)自主性锻炼动机能正向预测中老年人的幸福感;太极拳习练在自主性锻炼动机与幸福感之间起中介作用。(2)太极拳习练者在长期习练过程中锻炼动机类型发生变化,由控制性动机转化为自主性动机;强健身心、文化魅力是中老年人选择太极拳的重要动机。(3)太极拳对中老年幸福感的影响首先通过预防及治愈疾病所体现,其次是太极拳所具备的文化魅力能够有效改善习练者的社会行为,使习练者的人际关系得到一定程度的改善,从而获取更多的生活满意,提升幸福感。

In this study,breQ-2,Taijiquan practice Questionnaire and comprehensive well-being questionnaire were used to measure 590 middle-aged and elderly taijiquan practitioners,and 12 of them were interviewed.The results showed that:(1)autonomous exercise motivation positively predicted the well-being of the middle-aged and elderly;Taijiquan exercise plays an intermediary role in the relationship between autonomous exercise motivation and happiness.(2)The types of exercise motivation of taijiquan practitioners change from controlling motivation to autonomous motivation;Strong physical and mental health and cultural charm are important motivations for the elderly to choose Tai Chi.(3)The influence of Taijiquan on the happiness of the middle-aged and elderly is firstly reflected by the prevention and cure of diseases.Secondly,the cultural charm of Taijiquan can effectively improve the social behavior of the practitioners,improve the interpersonal relationship of the practitioners to a certain extent,so as to obtain more life satisfaction and enhance the happiness.