农村社区老年人自我感知老化现状及影响因素研究

Study on the status quo and influencing factors of the self⁃perception of aging among the elderly in rural communities

目的:调查农村社区老年人自我感知老化现状及影响因素。方法:采用一般资料量表、简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、罗森伯格自尊量表(SES)以及简版自我感知老化量表(B-APQ)对537名农村社区老年人进行调查。结果:农村社区老年人自我感知老化得分为(52.42±8.82)分,多元逐步回归分析结果显示有7个变量进入回归方程,分别是抑郁、年龄、慢性病数量、社会支持、自尊、视力和女性(P<0.05),共解释总方程变异的64.9%。结论:农村社区老年人的自我感知老化较为消极,应采取针对性的干预措施帮助老年人建立积极的自我感知老化观念,引导老年人采取积极、有效的策略应对老化威胁,促进身心健康。

Objective:To investigate the status quo and factors influencing self⁃perception of aging(SPA)among the elderly in rural communities.Methods:Investigate 537 elderly people in rural communities by using the general information scale,the Geriatric Depression Scale⁃15(GDS⁃15),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),the Rosenberg Self⁃esteem Scale(SES),and the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire(B⁃APQ).Results:The B⁃APQ score of the elderly in rural communities was(52.42±8.82)points.The result of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that 7 variables entered the regression equation,namely depression,age,number of chronic diseases,social support,self⁃esteem,vision,and female(P<0.05),explaining 64.9%of the variation of the general equation.Conclusions:The SPA of the elderly in rural communities was relatively negative.Targeted intervention measures should be taken to help the elderly to establish a positive sense of SPA,guiding the elderly to adopt active and effective strategies to deal with the threat of aging and promote physical and mental health.