现代学徒制与企业新型学徒制在轨道交通类专业有机融合的探索--以石家庄铁路职业技术学院为例

Exploration of the Organic Integration of Modern Apprenticeship and New Enterprise Apprenticeship in Rail Transit Majors--Take Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Technology as an Example

为推动制造业特别是高端制造业的发展,解决劳动力供给与需求不匹配的结构性矛盾,适应产业升级,有效缓解用工荒、招工难的问题,人社部和教育部分别开展企业新型学徒制和现代学徒制试点工作,企业和院校都提出校企融合人才培养,实现招生招工一体化。由于校企双方合作动机、期望的合作形式、高考招生政策限制等方面存在不一致,现代学徒制和企业新型学徒制在高等职业院校没有有机融合,呈现两张皮现象。中国国铁集团和全国各铁路院校在这方面做了一些有益的探索和尝试,将现代学徒制与企业新型学徒制有机融合,人才培养和职工培训的质量明显提高。

In order to promote the development of manufacturing industry,especially high-end manufacturing industry,solve the structural contradiction between labor supply and demand,adapt to industrial upgrading,and effectively alleviate the problems of labor shortage and recruitment difficulties,the Ministry of human resources and social security and the Ministry of education have carried out the pilot work of enterprise new apprenticeship and modern apprenticeship respectively.Enterprises and colleges have proposed the integration of school and enterprise talent training,and to realize the integration of enrollment and recruitment.Due to the inconsistency in the cooperation motivation,expected cooperation form and enrollment policy restrictions of college entrance examination between schools and enterprises,the modern apprenticeship and the new enterprise apprenticeship are not organically integrated in higher vocational colleges,showing a phenomenon of double skins.China National Railway Corporation and railway colleges and universities across the country have made some useful explorations and attempts in this regard,organically integrating the modern apprenticeship with the New Apprenticeship of enterprises,and significantly improving the quality of talent training and staff training.