“以草代木”种植食用菌的前景分析

Analysis on Prospect of Planting Edible Fungi with Grass for Wood

为了认识菌草种植及“以草代木”种植食用菌的经济效益、生态效益与社会效益,通过查阅资料、SWOT分析菌草种植食用菌在成本上、产量上、品质上的优缺点。结果表明种植菌草667m^(2)(每亩)产鲜草可达1~2.5万kg,产干草0.5~1.2万kg;菌草种植食用菌具有成本低、产量高、品质好等特点,产量相较于木屑可提高14.3%~19.2%,成本却降低14.2%~33.3%,在品质上,菌草灵芝可达到绿色食品甚至有机食品标准。结论是“以草代木”种植食用菌解决了长期困扰食用菌种植中消耗大量森林资源的问题,保护生态环境,促进美丽乡村建设,建立了“植物~真菌~动物”综合高产高效生产模式,生态效益突现,社会效益可观;另外,利用菌草种植食用菌对一些国家进行援助,通过菌草成果的示范作用让外国人民认识与掌握此项技术,从而开展此技术在国际上的推广。

In order to understand the economic,ecological and social benefits of fungus planting and planting edible fungi by“grass for wood”,the advantages and disadvantages of fungus planting in cost,yield and quality are analyzed by consulting data and SWOT.The results show that 667m^(2)(per mu)of fresh grass 1~25,000 kg,hay 0.5~0,0001 kg of hay;low cost,high yield,good quality,etc.Production can be increased by 14.3%~19.2%,cost but 14.2%~33.3%,Ganoderma lucidum can meet green food and even organic food standards.The conclusion is that the planting of edible fungus by"grass for wood"solves the problem of long troubled consumption of forest resources in edible fungus cultivation,protects the ecological environment,promotes the construction of beautiful countryside,and establishes a comprehensive high-yield and efficient production mode.In addition,some countries have been assisted by the cultivation of edible fungi with mycorrhizal grass,so that foreign people can understand and master this technology through the demonstration effect of mycorrhizal grass achievements,so as to promote this technology in the world.