蚕豆替代豆粕补充复合酶对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及消化道发育的影响

Effects of compound enzyme supplementation with broad bean substituted soybean meal on growth performance,carcass traits and digestive tract development of broilers

文章旨在研究用蚕豆完全替代豆粕并补充复合酶对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及消化道发育的影响。试验将1日龄平均体重一致的552只商品肉仔鸡随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复46只。对照组肉鸡饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮,豆粕组饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮+100 mg/kg复合酶,蚕豆组饲喂玉米~蚕豆型日粮+100 mg/kg复合酶。结果 :豆粕组肉鸡42 d体重显著高于蚕豆组(P <0.05),但对照组22~42 d平均日采食量显著低于蚕豆组(P <0.05)。蚕豆组22~42 d肉鸡料重比显著高于对照组(P <0.05),同时蚕豆组1~42 d肉鸡料重比显著高于对照组和豆粕组(P <0.05)。蚕豆组肉鸡的腹脂相对重量显著高于对照组和豆粕组(P <0.05),而对照组肉鸡腹脂相对重量显著高于蚕豆组(P <0.05)。蚕豆组肉鸡腺胃和肌胃相对重量显著高于对照组(P <0.05),但胰腺相对重量显著降低(P <0.05)。蚕豆组肉鸡小肠相对长度显著高于豆粕组(P <0.05)。结论 :在本研究条件下,肉鸡日粮用蚕豆替代豆粕补充100 mg/kg复合酶可以提高肉鸡生长后期的采食量,但降低了饲料效率,对屠宰性能及组织器官的发育无负面影响。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of completely replacing soybean meal with broad bean and supplementing compound enzyme on growth performance,slaughter performance and digestive tract development of broilers. A total of 552 commercial broilers with the same 1-day average body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 replicates per group and 46 broilers per replicate. Broilers in control group were fed corn-soybean meal type diet,those in soybean meal group were fed corn-soybean meal type diet +100 mg/kg compound enzyme,and those in faba bean group were fed corn-soybean type diet +100 mg/kg compound enzyme. Results :The body weight of broilers on 42 days in soybean meal group was significantly higher than that in broad bean group(P < 0.05),but the average daily feed intake in the control group on 22 ~ 42 days was significantly lower than that in broad bean group(P < 0.05). The feed to gain ratio of broilers in faba bean group was significantly higher than that in control group at 22 ~ 42 days(P < 0.05),and the feed to gain ratio of broilers in faba bean group at 1 ~ 42 days was significantly higher than that in control group and soybean meal groups(P < 0.05).The relative weight of abdominal fat of broilers in broad bean group was significantly higher than that in control group and soybean meal group(P < 0.05),while the relative weight of abdominal fat of broilers in control group was significantly higher than that in broad bean group(P < 0.05). The relative weight of proventriculus and gizzard of broilers in broad bean was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),but the relative weight of pancreas was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The relative length of small intestine of broilers in broad bean group was significantly higher than that in soybean meal group(P< 0.05). Conclusions :Under the condition of this study,supplementation of 100 mg/kg compound enzyme with broad bean instead of soybean meal can improve feed intake of broilers at later growth stage,but reduce feed efficiency,and has no negative effects on slaughter performance and tissue and organ development.