饲粮不同比例青贮玉米对仔鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Dietary Different Whole-Plant Corn Silage Levels on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Meat Quality and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Geese

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同比例全株青贮玉米对仔鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响,为全株青贮玉米在肉鹅养殖上的应用提供依据。试验选取健康、平均体重为982~985 g的28日龄三花鹅280只,随机分为4组,每组7个重复,每个重复10只仔鹅。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂添加8%、16%、24%全株青贮玉米的试验饲粮,试验期为42 d。记录28、42、56、70日龄时鹅的体重(BW)和耗料量,计算平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)及料重比(F/G);70日龄时,每个重复选择2只接近平均体重的仔鹅屠宰,测定屠宰性能、肉品质和血清生化指标。结果表明:与对照组相比,在28~42日龄时,16%试验组的仔鹅ADG和ADFI显著升高(P<0.05);在42~56日龄时,8%试验组的仔鹅ADFI显著升高(P<0.05);在56~70日龄时,试验组的仔鹅ADG、ADFI和F/G均无显著差异(P>0.05);28~70日龄的ADG和添加水平呈二次曲线关系(P<0.05),达最高ADG水平的添加量为9.01%。与对照组相比,70日龄时,24%试验组的仔鹅体重显著降低(P<0.05);各试验组的全净膛率和屠宰率显著降低(P<0.05);屠宰率和添加水平呈二次曲线关系(P<0.05),达最低屠宰率的添加水平为14.93%;各试验组仔鹅的肉品质无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,8%试验组的仔鹅的血清甘油三酯含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,适量添加全株青贮玉米可提高仔鹅的生长性能,降低血清中的甘油三酯含量,对肉品质无显著影响,对屠宰性能有一定的负面影响,根据饲粮中添加全株青贮玉米的水平对ADG的最高限量和对屠宰性能的最低限量,建议在饲粮中的添加水平为9.01%~14.93%。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary different whole-plant corn silage levels on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and serum biochemical parameters of geese.The experimental results could provide a basis for whole-plant corn silage in the application of geese.A total of 280 healthy 28-day-old Sanhua geese with similar body weight(982-985 g)were randomly divided into 4 groups with 7 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,the experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplied with 8%,16%,or 24%whole-plant corn silage,the experimental period was 42 days.Recording the body weight(BW)and feed consumption of the geese at 28,42,56,and 70 days,and calculating the average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI)and feed/gain(F/G).At 70 days of age,two geese with average body weight were selected and slaughtered to determine the slaughter performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indexes.The results showed as follows:compared with the control group,the ADG and ADFI of geese aged 28 to 42 days in the 16%experimental group were increased significantly(P<0.05);the ADFI of geese aged 42 to 56 days in the 8%experimental group was increased significantly(P<0.05);the ADG,ADFI and F/G of geese aged 56 to 70 days in the all experimental groups had no significant difference(P>0.05);the ADG of geese aged 28 to 70 days had a quadratic curve relationship with the supplemental level(P<0.05),when the ADG achieved the highest,the supplemental level was 9.01%.Compared with the control group,the BW of 70-day-old geese in the 24%experimental group was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The dressing percentage and eviscerated percentage of geese were reduced significantly in all experimental groups at 70 days of age(P<0.05).The dressing percentage of geese had a quadratic curve relationship with the supplemental level(P<0.05),when the dressing percentage achieved the lowest,the supplemental level was 14.93%.There were no significant differences in meat quality among all experimental groups at 70 days of age(P>0.05).The triglyceride content of geese in the 8%experimental group was significantly reduced at 70 days of age(P<0.05)compared with the control group.In conclusion,under the conditions of this experiment,appropriate supplemental level of whole-plant silage corn can improve the growth performance of the geese and reduce the content of triglyceride content in the serum,there is no significant impact on meat quality,but a certain negative impact on slaughter performance.According to the ADG maximum limit and dressing percentage minimum limit,it is recommended that the dietary optimal whole-plant corn silage supplement level is in the range of 9.01%to 14.93%.