世俗化视域下的人间佛教运动

Movement of Popular Buddhism from Perspective of Secularization

二十世纪中后期,世俗化理论备受质疑与争议。然而,该理论探讨的现代性、世俗化与宗教变迁的关系,宗教在社会的具体存在样态等核心议题,仍极具理论价值。近代以来,人间佛教运动深受世俗化、现代性影响。理论层面,太虚等人革新流弊,着眼教理教义的人间化、理性化、现世性诠释,回应大众理性化的道德价值与信仰诉求。实践层面,试图通过改组教团组织,积极参与社会运动,贡献佛教力量。及至当代,宗教信仰领域呈现出世俗化意涵中的私人化、个性化取向,以人间佛教为主体的当代佛教组织主动参与社会化进程,尝试以寺院为主导形成一般性交往系统,通过理论创造性诠释与社会实践双重路径,回应热点问题,加强宗教与社会的双向互动,应对新局面。

In the middle and late 20th century,secularization theory was questioned and disputed.However,The dynamic relationship between modernity and religious changes which Secularization theory focus on possess great theoretical value.Modern Human Buddhism was influenced by modernity and secularization deeply.On the theoretical level,Taixu focused on rationalization,intellectualization and worldliness in Buddhist theoretic.On the practical level,they tried to reorganize the organization of religious groups,and actively participate in social movements to contribute the strength of Buddhism.In contemporary China,personalization and individuation of religious belief in the meaning of secularization arose.Human Buddhist organizations actively participate in the process of socialization,and try to form a general communication system to respond to hot issues.Therefore,it can strengthen the two-way interaction between religion and society,and deal with the new situation.