全球鱿鱼渔业现状及前景展望

Status and prospects of global squid fishery

鱿鱼属于头足纲(Cephalopoda)枪形目(Teuthoidea),主要由柔鱼科(Ommastrephidae)和枪乌贼科(Loliginidae)组成,是海洋渔业资源的重要组成部分。鱿鱼不仅具有很高的经济价值,而且在海洋生态系统中具有重要地位,是高营养级海洋生物从初级生产者获得营养的桥梁,也是能量在海洋食物网中进行传递和转换的重要通道。概述了全球主要鱿鱼资源情况,介绍了鱿鱼渔业的捕捞方法、资源评估和资源管理现状,剖析了鱿鱼渔业与海洋生态系统之间的相互作用。最后,对未来鱿鱼渔业的发展前景进行了展望。

Squids belong to the order Teuthoidea(class Cephalopoda)and include species from two families,Ommastrephidae and Loliginidae.Squids are important parts of marine fishery resources.They not only have high economic value,but also play important roles in marine ecosystem.They can occupy middle trophic levels that link lower trophic level energy or biomass to upper trophic levels,by being common prey for a range of species.The paper summarizes the main squid resources in the word,describes the fishing methods of squid fisheries,methods of resource assessment and management,focuses on the interaction between squid fisheries and marine ecosystems,and summarizes and forecasts the squid fisheries development in the future.