超低轨道卫星技术发展与展望

Prospect Analysis on Development and Application of Ultra-low Orbit Satellite Technology

介绍了国外超低轨道卫星的发展历程,重点对近年来在超低轨道成功飞行的重力场与稳态洋流探测器(GOCE)和超低轨测试卫星(SLATS),从卫星轨道飞行剖面、任务效能、轨道维持等方面进行了介绍。分析了超低轨道卫星面临的低阻力构型设计、电推进、轨道维持、原子氧防护等关键技术,以及超低轨道卫星的技术特点,展望了超低轨道卫星在遥感、物理场探测等方面的应用前景,并给出了超低轨道卫星的发展建议。

This paper introduces the development history of ultra-low orbit satellites,and focuses on the gravity field and steady-state ocean circulation explorer(GOCE)as well as super low altitude test satellite(SLATS)which have successfully operated in ultra-low orbit in recent years.It is introduced from the aspects of satellite flight profile,satellite configuration design,long-term orbit maintenance,mission efficiency and so on.This paper analyzes the key technologies faced by ultra-low orbit satellite,such as low resistance configuration design,electric propulsion,the orbit maintenance and atomic oxygen protection.analyzes The technical characteristics as well as prospects of ultra-low orbit satellite application fields in remote observation and physical field detection are analyzed,providing suggestions for ultra-low orbit satellite development.