NSFC/NSF海洋科学领域资助效果与SCIE论文产出比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness and SCIE Paper Output of Marine Science Funding from NSFC and NSF

科学基金在促进我国基础科学研究方面扮演着重要的角色,近十年来,我国在海洋领域科学的资助投入保持了较快的增长。本文对比研究了2007-2019年间中国国家自然科学基金委员会(National Natural Science Foundation of China,NSFC)和美国国家科学基金会(National Science Foundation,United States,NSF)对海洋科学领域的资助情况,包括资助项目数量及类型、资助金额等;以NSFC和NSF在该领域不同年代、类型的立项项目及项目产出的SCIE论文为研究对象,探究项目产出论文数量、质量以及研究主题等方面的差异性,分析NSFC和NSF在海洋科学领域的资助方向的差异性,进而揭示NSFC对我国海洋科学领域的资助效果。结果发现,NSFC在我国海洋领域的经费投入增加幅度较大,项目发表论文数量和论文平均影响力与资助金额呈正相关关系;NSFC海洋科学领域项目均论文产出数量高于NSF的相应项目产出,但论文影响力与其仍有差距;NSFC和NSF海洋领域资助方向与论文产出主题均较为一致,但资助重点差异明显,NSFC资助研究集中在南海、东海和黄海等近海海域,重点资助领域包括海洋天然产品、物种分类、遥感和生态灾害等;NSF资助研究集中在墨西哥湾、南大洋和大西洋,重点资助领域包括珊瑚礁生态系统、气候变化、深海热液喷口、海洋酸化和生物地球化学循环等;NSFC资助基本涵盖海洋领域热点研究问题,未来资助应强化国际科技合作,扩大研究海域,在海洋缺氧、生物地球化学循环以及深海等领域加大资助力度。

NSFC plays an important role in promoting China’s basic scientific research.In the past decade,China’s investment in Marine Science Fund has maintained a rapid growth.This paper compares the basic situation of National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)and National Science Foundation,United States(NSF)in the field of marine science from 2007 to 2019,including project quantity,funding amount,etc.Choosing the SCIE papers produced by the projects that are funded by NSFC and NSF in Marine Science as the research objects,this paper explores the differences in the quantity,quality and research topics of the papers produced by these projects,analyzes the differences of NSFC and NSF’s funding theme in the field of marine science,and then reveals the effects of NSFC’s funding in this field.The results show that the fund input in the field of marine science in China has increased greatly;the number of papers published and the average influence of papers are positively correlated with funded projects’grants;the number of NSFC-funded output is higher than that of NSF,but the average influence of papers of NSFC-funded output still lags behind the international level;Both NSFC and NSF have the same funding direction and paper output theme,but the funding focus is significantly different.NSFC-funded research focuses on coastal waters,such as the South China Sea,East China Sea,Yellow Sea,centering on marine natural products,taxonomy,remote sensing and ecological disasters;NSF-funded research focuses on the Gulf of Mexico,Southern Ocean and Atlantic Ocean,centering on coral reef ecosystem,climate change,deep-sea hydrothermal vents,ocean acidification and biogeochemical cycles.Basically,NSFC funding covers hot research issues in the marine field.It is suggested that in the future,NSFC funding should strengthen international scientific and technological cooperation,expand research areas,and increase funding in areas such as ocean hypoxia,biogeochemical cycle and deep sea.