专业服务机构如何主导创业生态系统构建及运行?——基于飞马旅的案例研究

How does the Professional Service Institution Lead the Construction and Operation of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem?:A Case Study based on Pegasus Brigade

在双创背景下,多元主体互动链接、服务生态与产业生态相互交融的创业生态系统应运而生。应用扎根理论方法,以主导构建系统化创业生态的飞马旅集团为研究对象,基于创业生态系统和网络化组织管理理论,揭示了专业创业服务机构主导的创业生态系统构建及运行模式,阐述了多元主体相互作用、驱动服务生态与产业生态相互交融及持续拓展和优化的机理模型。研究表明,专业服务机构能够主导构建创业生态系统及推动其运行;专业服务机构核心服务机制主要体现在七个方面:推动企业合作—面向创业生态内多元主体聚集调动资源,多元主体组合—基于生态构建主体能力作用边界,激发网络效应—面向生态系统以机制促进协作,资源持续集聚—持续引入外部资源以丰富生态系统,配置服务资源—保持资源的动态优化配置和高效使用,构建互动机制—共享机制、融合机制、互补机制维持系统运行,构建空间网络—从核心节点向外拓展、构筑承载服务的空间网络。专业服务机构发挥核心功能,创业主体间的互动链接与服务生态、产业生态呈高度融合、密不可分的关系。

Under the background of mass entrepreneurship and innovation,the entrepreneurial ecosystem with multiple subjects linked to each other and service ecology and industrial ecology intermingled with each other emerges as the times require.Based on the entrepreneurial professional service institution,to reveal the construction and operation of the entrepreneurial ecosystem led by the professional service institution,to enhance the understanding of the entrepreneurial ecosystem from a new perspective,and to provide references for better cultivating the entrepreneurial ecosystem,this study aimed to explain the functions of the professional service institution in detail.This study applied the grounded theory method and took Pegasus Brigade,which provides systematic entrepreneurial services,as the research object,based on entrepreneurial ecosystem and network organization management theory,collected related data through interviews,website information,news reports,and other channels,built the entrepreneurial ecosystem mechanism model under the leadership of professional service institutions by using open coding,spindle coding,and selective coding and constantly refining and correcting theory.The research shows that:Firstly,the construction and operation of entrepreneurial ecosystem depends on the leadership of the entrepreneurial service institution with professional ability,and the core service mechanism of the professional service institution is mainly reflected in seven aspects:promoting enterprise cooperation-gathering and mobilizing resources for multiple subjects in the entrepreneurial ecology,multiple subject combination-building subject ability function boundary based on ecology,stimulating network effects-ecosystem-oriented mechanisms to facilitate collaboration,resource aggregation-continuous introduction of external resources to enrich ecosystems,configuring service resources-maintain dynamically optimized configuration and efficient use,building interactive mechanism-sharing mechanism,integration mechanism and complementary mechanism to maintain system operation,building a spatial network-expanding from the core node and building a spatial network carrying services.Secondly,the grounded results showed that the high-quality entrepreneurial ecosystem need the high integration of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial service activities,service ecosystem,and industrial ecosystem.It built the entrepreneurial ecosystem model around"the professional service institution leads the integration of multiple subject linkage interaction,service ecology and industrial ecology",and deeply analyzed the high integration and interaction mechanism of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial service chain,service ecology,and industrial ecology.Thirdly,the operation mechanism of the entrepreneurial ecosystem is summarized as building the entrepreneurial activity chain led by the professional entrepreneurial service institution,based on promoting the effective combination,close link,and frequent interaction of venture enterprises,investors,service providers,and other multiple subjects;building the entrepreneurial service ecosystem through gathering resources and efficient allocation and forming network link;building entrepreneurial industry ecosystem through the spatial agglomeration of the same industry and the collaborative linkage of entrepreneurial enterprises before and after the industrial chain.The professional service institution gave full play to their core functions,realized the integration of innovation and entrepreneurship chain with industrial ecology and service ecology,and formed a high-quality entrepreneurial ecosystem.By analyzing the link and interaction logic of different subjects in the ecosystem,this study described the interaction and cooperation between elements of the entrepreneurial ecosystem,built the theoretical model of the construction and operation of entrepreneurial ecosystem led by the professional entrepreneurial service institution based on the micro perspective,and expounded the mechanism of the entrepreneurial high integration and interaction among service activity chain,service ecology,industrial ecology.In particular,this study highlighted the leading role and functions of the professional service institutions in the construction and operation of entrepreneurial ecosystem.It is suggested that follow-up studies use multiple cases,fully consider the impact of environmental factors in the model,and focus on how to adapt and self-adjust the entrepreneurial service ecology under environmental turbulence,to deepen the research on the role of network relations in the entrepreneurial service ecology.