生长因子与增生性玻璃体视网膜病变相关性的研究进展

Advances in the correlation between growth factors and proliferative vitreoretinopathy

增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)是眼球穿通伤及孔源性视网膜脱离手术后的常见并发症。该病的发病机制仍未明确,但研究表明,视网膜色素上皮(RPE)细胞具有自分泌细胞因子的能力,许多生长因子在PVR患者的玻璃体或者视网膜下积液中过度表达,这些生长因子及其受体在PVR的发生发展中扮演了重要角色,血-视网膜屏障被破坏后,生长因子的生理平衡即被打破,RPE细胞受到生长因子的刺激发生上皮-间质转化(EMT)、迁移及增殖,进而与其他细胞及细胞外基质形成视网膜前膜,牵拉视网膜造成视网膜脱离。近年来学者们对生长因子在PVR的形成中所涉及的信号通路、促EMT进程及细胞增殖做了大量研究,本文将对近年来促PVR发展的生长因子及拮抗生长因子治疗PVR的研究结果作一综述。

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR)is a common complication of perforation injury and surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.The pathogenesis of this disease is still unclear.However,studies have shown that retina pigment epithelium(RPE)cells have the ability to secrete cytokines,and many growth factors are overexpressed in vitreous or subretinal fluid in PVR patients.These growth factors and their receptors play an important role in the occurrence and development of PVR.When the blood-retinal barrier is broken,the physiological balance of growth factors disappears,and RPE cells are stimulated by growth factors to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT),migration and proliferation,this leads to the formation of the preretinal membrane,which pulls on the retina and causes retinal detachment.In recent years,scholars have done a lot of researches on the signaling pathways,EMT process and cell proliferation involved in the formation of PVR with growth factors.This article will summarize the function of growth factors involved in the formation of PVR and the therapeutic effects of antagonistic growth factors in the development of PVR.