眼表病理生理改变在干眼中的研究进展

Research progress of ocular surface pathophysiological changes in dry eye

干眼的发病率逐年升高,目前已成为最常见的眼部疾病之一。干眼的症状主要为眼部的干涩感、异物感、烧灼感、痒、分泌物等,这些不适很大程度上影响了干眼患者的日常生活、工作学习、心理健康和身体功能。干眼是一种多因素眼病,其特征是泪膜稳态的丧失,泪液的高渗透压、眼表炎性反应和损伤以及神经感觉异常等参与了干眼的发生发展,同时,干眼患者眼部会出现组织结构及眼表微环境的改变。由于干眼是一种日益严重的公共卫生问题,严重影响人们的视觉质量和生活质量,因此,研究干眼的病理生理对开展高效的诊断、更具针对性的治疗及减少不良事件的发生具有重要意义。本文对近年来干眼的病理生理学的研究进展进行综述。

The incidence of dry eye is increasing year by year,and it has become one of the most common ophthalmic diseases.The main symptoms of dry eye disease are dry,foreign body sensation,burning in eyes,itchy and viscous secretion.These discomforts affect the daily life,efficiency of work and study,mental health and physical function of patients with dry eye.Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film,and accompanied by ocular symptoms,in which tear film instability and hyperosmolarity,ocular surface inflammation and damage,and neurosensory abnormalities play etiological roles.Meanwhile,there are changes in the tissue structure and ocular surface microenvironment of the eyes of patients with dry eye.In view of the fact that dry eye is an important public health problem,which seriously affects people’s visual quality and life quality,studying the pathophysiology of dry eye is of great significance for efficient diagnosis,more targeted treatment and reduction of adverse events.This paper reviewed the research progress in the pathophysiology of dry eye in recent years.