日本平腹小蜂滞育幼虫的重要生化物质变化

Physiochemical changes in diapause larvae of Anastatus japonicus Ashmead

日本平腹小蜂是多种果树蝽类害虫的优势寄生蜂,能以老熟幼虫滞育越冬。本研究分别测定了日本平腹小蜂非滞育老熟幼虫、滞育25、35、45、55 d老熟幼虫和滞育解除老熟幼虫体内的总蛋白、脂类、糖类及醇类等生化物质的含量,以及海藻糖酶和抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶)等关键酶的活性变化,比较了日本平腹小蜂滞育、非滞育和滞育解除老熟幼虫体内重要生化物质的差异。结果表明:滞育老熟幼虫显著积累脂类、甘油三酯、糖原等能源物质以及山梨醇等低温保护物质,且滞育个体的抗氧化能力显著增强,这些变化有助于提高其抗逆性,满足滞育维持期及滞育解除后恢复发育的能量需求,保证滞育个体的发育和存活。结果为解析日本平腹小蜂的滞育机制奠定了基础。

Anastatus japonicus Ashmead is the dominant parasitic wasp of various fruit tree stink bugs.It can overwinter through diapause of mature larvae.In this study,we measured the content of biochemical substances such as total protein,lipids,saccharides and alcohols,as well as enzyme activities of trehalase and antioxidant enzymes(SOD,POD,CAT)in the non-diapause mature larvae,diapausing mature larvae(25,35,45,55 d)and diapause-terminated mature larvae of A.japonicus.The results showed that energy substances resistant to low temperature,like lipids,triglycerides,glycogen and sorbitol were significantly accumulated in the diapause mature larvae.In addition,the antioxidant capability of diapause individuals was significantly enhanced.These changes may improve the resistance of A.japonicus to adverse environment,meet its energy requirements for the diapause maintenance and post-diapause development,and increase the survival ratio of diapause individuals.The results of this study provide information for understanding the mechanism of diapause of A.japonicus.