生活技能训练对全面性发育迟缓患儿社会适应能力的影响

The effect of life skill training on the social adaptability of children with generalized developmental delay

目的探究生活技能训练对全面性发育迟缓患儿社会适应能力的影响。方法选取2020年1月至2020年12月期间,郑州大学第三附属医院收治的88例全面性发育迟缓患儿,根据随机数字表法将其分为两组,观察组44例,对照组44例,对照组采用常规康复治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上实施生活技能训练进行康复,对比两组患儿的问题维度、能力维度[幼儿情绪性及社会性发展量表(CITSEA量表)]及社会适应能力(儿童适应行为评分量表)及患儿家属护理方式认可情况。结果干预前,两组患儿问题维度、能力维度分数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预6个月后,两组患儿问题维度评分均降低(P<0.05),且观察组问题维度评分低于对照组(P<0.05);经过6个月干预后,两组患儿能力维度评分提高(P<0.05),且观察组能力维度高于对照组(P<0.05);干预前,两组患儿独立因子、认知因子、社会自制因子各项评分均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预6个月后,两组患儿独立因子、认知因子、社会自制因子各项评分均提高(P<0.05),且观察组各组因子评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患儿家属29例非常认可,14例一般认可,1例不认可,对照组患儿家属17例非常认可,30例一般认可,7例不认可,观察组总认可度97.33%,高于对照组的84.09%,且有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论生活技能训练能够提高全面性发育迟缓患儿适应社会的能力,并获得患儿家属的高度认可。

Objective To explore the impact of life skills training on the social adaptability of children with generalized developmental delay.Methods Selected from January 2020 to December 2020,88 children with generalized developmental delay admitted to our hospital were divided into 2 groups according to the random number table method,44 cases in the observation group and 44 cases in the control group.The control group received conventional rehabilitation treatment,and the observation group carried out life skills training on the basis of the control group for rehabilitation.The problem dimensions and ability dimensions[Children’s Emotional and Social Development Scale(CITSEA Scale)]and social adaptability(Children’s Adaptive Behavior Rating Scale)were compared between the two groups of children in terms of problem dimensions and ability dimensions.Results Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in the scores of problem dimensions and ability dimensions between the two groups of children(P>0.05).After 6 months of intervention,the problem dimension scores of the two groups of children decreased(P<0.05),and the problem dimension scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).After 6 months of intervention,the scores of abilities of the two groups of children improved(P<0.05),and the abilities of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in the scores of independent factors,cognitive factors,and social self-control factors between the two groups(P>0.05).After 6 months of intervention,the scores of independent factors,cognitive factors,and social self-control factors of the two groups of children increased(P<0.05),and the factor scores of each group in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).In the observation group,29 cases were approved by the family members of the children,14 cases were generally recognized,and 1 case was not recognized.In the control group,17 cases were recognized by the family members,30 cases were generally recognized,and 7 cases were not recognized.The total recognition of the observation group is 97.33%,which is higher than the 84.09%of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Life skills training can improve the ability of children with generalized developmental delay to adapt to the society,and is highly recognized by the families of the children.