技术生态位、人力资本专用性与创业学习: 基于创业孵化的视角

Technological Niche, Human Capital Specificity and Entrepreneurial Learning: Based on the Perspective of Entrepreneurial Incubation

厘清技术生态位进化下在孵企业的创业学习路径的演化路向是提高创业孵化绩效的关键。以华南新材料创新园的60家企业为研究样本,运用扎根理论,对专业孵化园区的技术生态位、人力资本专用性与创业学习之间关系进行的研究表明:自我学习、社会背景学习、情境学习与共同建构学习为创业学习的主要路径,其受人力资本专用性供求状况的约束,而人力资本专用性的供求又被技术生态位制约。为此,识别技术生态位及人力资本专用性所处的阶段水平,选择相匹配的创业学习路径,有利于进一步调整在孵企业的技术生态位,推动孵化园的创新创业发展。

Clarifying the evolutionary direction of entrepreneurial learning paths of incubatees under the evolution of technological niche is the key to improving the performance of business incubation.Using 60 enterprises in South China New Materials Innovation Park as a research sample,the study on the relationship between technological niche,human capital specificity and entrepreneurial learning in professional incubation parks using rooting theory shows that self-learning,social contextual learning,contextual learning and co-constructive learning are the main paths of entrepreneurial learning,which are constrained by the supply and demand of human capital specificity,and that the supply and demand of human capital specificity are constrained by technologicalniche.Therefore,identifying the stages and levels of technologicalniche and human capital specificity,and selecting the matching entrepreneurial learning paths are conducive to further adjusting the technological niche of incubatees and promoting the innovation and entrepreneurship development of the incubator.