仕与隐——唐诗中“车马”的文化解读

Becoming an Official and Living in Seclusion——Cultural interpretation of"a horse-drawn carriage"in Tang Poetry

唐诗中“车马”是一个经常被提及的意象,其所呈现文化形态极为丰富,主要包括出行游观、游仙、社会交往等文化功能。“车马”意象有诸多内涵:它既承载着文人士大夫身为儒者的济世情怀与批判现实的精神,又不失道教文化超越现实、追求理想的浪漫想象;“车马客”群体与文士之间的互动也反映出士阶层处世哲学的包容度与其社会交往的广度。“车马”与诗人仕、隐心态的关系,折射出唐代文人士大夫阶层文化的转型及其“吏隐”人格的形成。

In Tang Poetry,"a horse-drawn carriage"is a frequently mentioned image,which presents a very rich cultural form,mainly including travel,fairy wondering,social interaction and other cultural functions.The image of"a horse-drawn carriage"has many connotations:it not only carries the literati's feelings of helping the world and the spirit of criticizing reality,but also has the romantic imagination of transcending reality and pursuing ideal.The interaction between passengers in the carriage and literati also reflects the tolerance of literati's philosophy and the breadth of their social interaction.The relationship between"a horse-drawn carriage"and the poets'mentality of being officials or hermits reflects the cultural transformation of the literati and officials in the Tang Dynasty and the formation of their"official hermit"personality.